Message-Id: <20211123075046.3007559-1-jk@codeconstruct.com.au>
Date:   Tue, 23 Nov 2021 15:50:46 +0800
From:   Jeremy Kerr <jk@...econstruct.com.au>
To:     netdev@...r.kernel.org
Cc:     Matt Johnston <matt@...econstruct.com.au>,
        "David S. Miller" <davem@...emloft.net>,
        Jakub Kicinski <kuba@...nel.org>,
        Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@...nel.org>,
        Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>
Subject: [PATCH net-next v3] mctp: Add MCTP-over-serial transport binding

This change adds a MCTP Serial transport binding, as defined by DMTF
specificiation DSP0253 - "MCTP Serial Transport Binding". This is
implemented as a new serial line discipline, and can be attached to
arbitrary tty devices.

>From the Kconfig description:

  This driver provides an MCTP-over-serial interface, through a
  serial line-discipline, as defined by DMTF specification "DSP0253 -
  MCTP Serial Transport Binding". By attaching the ldisc to a serial
  device, we get a new net device to transport MCTP packets.

  This allows communication with external MCTP endpoints which use
  serial as their transport. It can also be used as an easy way to
  provide MCTP connectivity between virtual machines, by forwarding
  data between simple virtual serial devices.

  Say y here if you need to connect to MCTP endpoints over serial. To
  compile as a module, use m; the module will be called mctp-serial.

Once the N_MCTP line discipline is set [using ioctl(TCIOSETD)], we get a
new netdev suitable for MCTP communication.

The 'mctp' utility[1] provides a simple wrapper for this ioctl, using
'link serial <device>':

  # mctp link serial /dev/ttyS0 &
  # mctp link
  dev lo index 1 address 0x00:00:00:00:00:00 net 1 mtu 65536 up
  dev mctpserial0 index 5 address 0x(no-addr) net 1 mtu 68 down

[1]: https://github.com/CodeConstruct/mctp

Signed-off-by: Jeremy Kerr <jk@...econstruct.com.au>

---
v3:
 - fix state/txstate typo
v2:
 - improve tx tty write() error handling
 - remove unnecessary RCU deref of disc_data
 - expand Kconfig help: elaborate on MCTP serial spec, list module name
 - add references to mctp util
---
 drivers/net/mctp/Kconfig       |  18 ++
 drivers/net/mctp/Makefile      |   1 +
 drivers/net/mctp/mctp-serial.c | 510 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 include/uapi/linux/tty.h       |   1 +
 4 files changed, 530 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 drivers/net/mctp/mctp-serial.c

diff --git a/drivers/net/mctp/Kconfig b/drivers/net/mctp/Kconfig
index d8f966cedc89..2929471395ae 100644
--- a/drivers/net/mctp/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/net/mctp/Kconfig
@@ -3,6 +3,24 @@ if MCTP
 
 menu "MCTP Device Drivers"
 
+config MCTP_SERIAL
+	tristate "MCTP serial transport"
+	depends on TTY
+	select CRC_CCITT
+	help
+	  This driver provides an MCTP-over-serial interface, through a
+	  serial line-discipline, as defined by DMTF specification "DSP0253 -
+	  MCTP Serial Transport Binding". By attaching the ldisc to a serial
+	  device, we get a new net device to transport MCTP packets.
+
+	  This allows communication with external MCTP endpoints which use
+	  serial as their transport. It can also be used as an easy way to
+	  provide MCTP connectivity between virtual machines, by forwarding
+	  data between simple virtual serial devices.
+
+	  Say y here if you need to connect to MCTP endpoints over serial. To
+	  compile as a module, use m; the module will be called mctp-serial.
+
 endmenu
 
 endif
diff --git a/drivers/net/mctp/Makefile b/drivers/net/mctp/Makefile
index e69de29bb2d1..d32622613ce4 100644
--- a/drivers/net/mctp/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/net/mctp/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+obj-$(CONFIG_MCTP_SERIAL) += mctp-serial.o
diff --git a/drivers/net/mctp/mctp-serial.c b/drivers/net/mctp/mctp-serial.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9ac0e187f36e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/net/mctp/mctp-serial.c
@@ -0,0 +1,510 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * Management Component Transport Protocol (MCTP) - serial transport
+ * binding. This driver is an implementation of the DMTF specificiation
+ * "DSP0253 - Management Component Transport Protocol (MCTP) Serial Transport
+ * Binding", available at:
+ *
+ *  https://www.dmtf.org/sites/default/files/standards/documents/DSP0253_1.0.0.pdf
+ *
+ * This driver provides DSP0253-type MCTP-over-serial transport using a Linux
+ * tty device, by setting the N_MCTP line discipline on the tty.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 Code Construct
+ */
+
+#include <linux/idr.h>
+#include <linux/if_arp.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/skbuff.h>
+#include <linux/tty.h>
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>
+#include <linux/crc-ccitt.h>
+
+#include <linux/mctp.h>
+#include <net/mctp.h>
+#include <net/pkt_sched.h>
+
+#define MCTP_SERIAL_MTU		68 /* base mtu (64) + mctp header */
+#define MCTP_SERIAL_FRAME_MTU	(MCTP_SERIAL_MTU + 6) /* + serial framing */
+
+#define MCTP_SERIAL_VERSION	0x1 /* DSP0253 defines a single version: 1 */
+
+#define BUFSIZE			MCTP_SERIAL_FRAME_MTU
+
+#define BYTE_FRAME		0x7e
+#define BYTE_ESC		0x7d
+
+static DEFINE_IDA(mctp_serial_ida);
+
+enum mctp_serial_state {
+	STATE_IDLE,
+	STATE_START,
+	STATE_HEADER,
+	STATE_DATA,
+	STATE_ESCAPE,
+	STATE_TRAILER,
+	STATE_DONE,
+	STATE_ERR,
+};
+
+struct mctp_serial {
+	struct net_device	*netdev;
+	struct tty_struct	*tty;
+
+	int			idx;
+
+	/* protects our rx & tx state machines; held during both paths */
+	spinlock_t		lock;
+
+	struct work_struct	tx_work;
+	enum mctp_serial_state	txstate, rxstate;
+	u16			txfcs, rxfcs, rxfcs_rcvd;
+	unsigned int		txlen, rxlen;
+	unsigned int		txpos, rxpos;
+	unsigned char		txbuf[BUFSIZE],
+				rxbuf[BUFSIZE];
+};
+
+static bool needs_escape(unsigned char c)
+{
+	return c == BYTE_ESC || c == BYTE_FRAME;
+}
+
+static int next_chunk_len(struct mctp_serial *dev)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/* either we have no bytes to send ... */
+	if (dev->txpos == dev->txlen)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* ... or the next byte to send is an escaped byte; requiring a
+	 * single-byte chunk...
+	 */
+	if (needs_escape(dev->txbuf[dev->txpos]))
+		return 1;
+
+	/* ... or we have one or more bytes up to the next escape - this chunk
+	 * will be those non-escaped bytes, and does not include the escaped
+	 * byte.
+	 */
+	for (i = 1; i + dev->txpos + 1 < dev->txlen; i++) {
+		if (needs_escape(dev->txbuf[dev->txpos + i + 1]))
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return i;
+}
+
+static int write_chunk(struct mctp_serial *dev, unsigned char *buf, int len)
+{
+	return dev->tty->ops->write(dev->tty, buf, len);
+}
+
+static void mctp_serial_tx_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct mctp_serial *dev = container_of(work, struct mctp_serial,
+					       tx_work);
+	unsigned char c, buf[3];
+	unsigned long flags;
+	int len, txlen;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->lock, flags);
+
+	/* txstate represents the next thing to send */
+	switch (dev->txstate) {
+	case STATE_START:
+		dev->txpos = 0;
+		fallthrough;
+	case STATE_HEADER:
+		buf[0] = BYTE_FRAME;
+		buf[1] = MCTP_SERIAL_VERSION;
+		buf[2] = dev->txlen;
+
+		if (!dev->txpos)
+			dev->txfcs = crc_ccitt(0, buf + 1, 2);
+
+		txlen = write_chunk(dev, buf + dev->txpos, 3 - dev->txpos);
+		if (txlen <= 0) {
+			dev->txstate = STATE_ERR;
+		} else {
+			dev->txpos += txlen;
+			if (dev->txpos == 3) {
+				dev->txstate = STATE_DATA;
+				dev->txpos = 0;
+			}
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case STATE_ESCAPE:
+		buf[0] = dev->txbuf[dev->txpos] & ~0x20;
+		txlen = write_chunk(dev, buf, 1);
+		if (txlen <= 0) {
+			dev->txstate = STATE_ERR;
+		} else {
+			dev->txpos += txlen;
+			if (dev->txpos == dev->txlen) {
+				dev->txstate = STATE_TRAILER;
+				dev->txpos = 0;
+			}
+		}
+
+		break;
+
+	case STATE_DATA:
+		len = next_chunk_len(dev);
+		if (len) {
+			c = dev->txbuf[dev->txpos];
+			if (len == 1 && needs_escape(c)) {
+				buf[0] = BYTE_ESC;
+				buf[1] = c & ~0x20;
+				dev->txfcs = crc_ccitt_byte(dev->txfcs, c);
+				txlen = write_chunk(dev, buf, 2);
+				if (txlen == 2)
+					dev->txpos++;
+				else if (txlen == 1)
+					dev->txstate = STATE_ESCAPE;
+				else
+					dev->txstate = STATE_ERR;
+			} else {
+				txlen = write_chunk(dev,
+						    dev->txbuf + dev->txpos,
+						    len);
+				if (txlen <= 0) {
+					dev->txstate = STATE_ERR;
+				} else {
+					dev->txfcs = crc_ccitt(dev->txfcs,
+							       dev->txbuf +
+							       dev->txpos,
+							       txlen);
+					dev->txpos += txlen;
+				}
+			}
+			if (dev->txstate == STATE_DATA &&
+			    dev->txpos == dev->txlen) {
+				dev->txstate = STATE_TRAILER;
+				dev->txpos = 0;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		dev->txstate = STATE_TRAILER;
+		dev->txpos = 0;
+		fallthrough;
+
+	case STATE_TRAILER:
+		buf[0] = dev->txfcs >> 8;
+		buf[1] = dev->txfcs & 0xff;
+		buf[2] = BYTE_FRAME;
+		txlen = write_chunk(dev, buf + dev->txpos, 3 - dev->txpos);
+		if (txlen <= 0) {
+			dev->txstate = STATE_ERR;
+		} else {
+			dev->txpos += txlen;
+			if (dev->txpos == 3) {
+				dev->txstate = STATE_DONE;
+				dev->txpos = 0;
+			}
+		}
+		break;
+	default:
+		netdev_err_once(dev->netdev, "invalid tx state %d\n",
+				dev->txstate);
+	}
+
+	if (dev->txstate == STATE_DONE) {
+		dev->netdev->stats.tx_packets++;
+		dev->netdev->stats.tx_bytes += dev->txlen;
+		dev->txlen = 0;
+		dev->txpos = 0;
+		clear_bit(TTY_DO_WRITE_WAKEUP, &dev->tty->flags);
+		dev->txstate = STATE_IDLE;
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->lock, flags);
+
+		netif_wake_queue(dev->netdev);
+	} else {
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->lock, flags);
+	}
+}
+
+static netdev_tx_t mctp_serial_tx(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *ndev)
+{
+	struct mctp_serial *dev = netdev_priv(ndev);
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	WARN_ON(dev->txstate != STATE_IDLE);
+
+	if (skb->len > MCTP_SERIAL_MTU) {
+		dev->netdev->stats.tx_dropped++;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->lock, flags);
+	netif_stop_queue(dev->netdev);
+	skb_copy_bits(skb, 0, dev->txbuf, skb->len);
+	dev->txpos = 0;
+	dev->txlen = skb->len;
+	dev->txstate = STATE_START;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->lock, flags);
+
+	set_bit(TTY_DO_WRITE_WAKEUP, &dev->tty->flags);
+	schedule_work(&dev->tx_work);
+
+out:
+	kfree_skb(skb);
+	return NETDEV_TX_OK;
+}
+
+static void mctp_serial_tty_write_wakeup(struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct mctp_serial *dev = tty->disc_data;
+
+	schedule_work(&dev->tx_work);
+}
+
+static void mctp_serial_rx(struct mctp_serial *dev)
+{
+	struct mctp_skb_cb *cb;
+	struct sk_buff *skb;
+
+	if (dev->rxfcs != dev->rxfcs_rcvd) {
+		dev->netdev->stats.rx_dropped++;
+		dev->netdev->stats.rx_crc_errors++;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	skb = netdev_alloc_skb(dev->netdev, dev->rxlen);
+	if (!skb) {
+		dev->netdev->stats.rx_dropped++;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	skb->protocol = htons(ETH_P_MCTP);
+	skb_put_data(skb, dev->rxbuf, dev->rxlen);
+	skb_reset_network_header(skb);
+
+	cb = __mctp_cb(skb);
+	cb->halen = 0;
+
+	netif_rx_ni(skb);
+	dev->netdev->stats.rx_packets++;
+	dev->netdev->stats.rx_bytes += dev->rxlen;
+}
+
+static void mctp_serial_push_header(struct mctp_serial *dev, unsigned char c)
+{
+	switch (dev->rxpos) {
+	case 0:
+		if (c == BYTE_FRAME)
+			dev->rxpos++;
+		else
+			dev->rxstate = STATE_ERR;
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		if (c == MCTP_SERIAL_VERSION) {
+			dev->rxpos++;
+			dev->rxfcs = crc_ccitt_byte(0, c);
+		} else {
+			dev->rxstate = STATE_ERR;
+		}
+		break;
+	case 2:
+		if (c > MCTP_SERIAL_FRAME_MTU) {
+			dev->rxstate = STATE_ERR;
+		} else {
+			dev->rxlen = c;
+			dev->rxpos = 0;
+			dev->rxstate = STATE_DATA;
+			dev->rxfcs = crc_ccitt_byte(dev->rxfcs, c);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void mctp_serial_push_trailer(struct mctp_serial *dev, unsigned char c)
+{
+	switch (dev->rxpos) {
+	case 0:
+		dev->rxfcs_rcvd = c << 8;
+		dev->rxpos++;
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		dev->rxfcs_rcvd |= c;
+		dev->rxpos++;
+		break;
+	case 2:
+		if (c != BYTE_FRAME) {
+			dev->rxstate = STATE_ERR;
+		} else {
+			mctp_serial_rx(dev);
+			dev->rxlen = 0;
+			dev->rxpos = 0;
+			dev->rxstate = STATE_IDLE;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void mctp_serial_push(struct mctp_serial *dev, unsigned char c)
+{
+	switch (dev->rxstate) {
+	case STATE_IDLE:
+		dev->rxstate = STATE_HEADER;
+		fallthrough;
+	case STATE_HEADER:
+		mctp_serial_push_header(dev, c);
+		break;
+
+	case STATE_ESCAPE:
+		c |= 0x20;
+		fallthrough;
+	case STATE_DATA:
+		if (dev->rxstate != STATE_ESCAPE && c == BYTE_ESC) {
+			dev->rxstate = STATE_ESCAPE;
+		} else {
+			dev->rxfcs = crc_ccitt_byte(dev->rxfcs, c);
+			dev->rxbuf[dev->rxpos] = c;
+			dev->rxpos++;
+			dev->rxstate = STATE_DATA;
+			if (dev->rxpos == dev->rxlen) {
+				dev->rxpos = 0;
+				dev->rxstate = STATE_TRAILER;
+			}
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case STATE_TRAILER:
+		mctp_serial_push_trailer(dev, c);
+		break;
+
+	case STATE_ERR:
+		if (c == BYTE_FRAME)
+			dev->rxstate = STATE_IDLE;
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		netdev_err_once(dev->netdev, "invalid rx state %d\n",
+				dev->rxstate);
+	}
+}
+
+static void mctp_serial_tty_receive_buf(struct tty_struct *tty,
+					const unsigned char *c,
+					const char *f, int len)
+{
+	struct mctp_serial *dev = tty->disc_data;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!netif_running(dev->netdev))
+		return;
+
+	/* we don't (currently) use the flag bytes, just data. */
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+		mctp_serial_push(dev, c[i]);
+}
+
+static const struct net_device_ops mctp_serial_netdev_ops = {
+	.ndo_start_xmit = mctp_serial_tx,
+};
+
+static void mctp_serial_setup(struct net_device *ndev)
+{
+	ndev->type = ARPHRD_MCTP;
+	ndev->mtu = MCTP_SERIAL_MTU;
+	ndev->hard_header_len = 0;
+	ndev->addr_len = 0;
+	ndev->tx_queue_len = DEFAULT_TX_QUEUE_LEN;
+	ndev->flags = IFF_NOARP;
+	ndev->netdev_ops = &mctp_serial_netdev_ops;
+	ndev->needs_free_netdev = true;
+}
+
+static int mctp_serial_open(struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct mctp_serial *dev;
+	struct net_device *ndev;
+	char name[32];
+	int idx, rc;
+
+	if (!capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN))
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	if (!tty->ops->write)
+		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+	if (tty->disc_data)
+		return -EEXIST;
+
+	idx = ida_alloc(&mctp_serial_ida, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (idx < 0)
+		return idx;
+
+	snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "mctpserial%d", idx);
+	ndev = alloc_netdev(sizeof(*dev), name, NET_NAME_ENUM,
+			    mctp_serial_setup);
+	if (!ndev) {
+		rc = -ENOMEM;
+		goto free_ida;
+	}
+
+	dev = netdev_priv(ndev);
+	dev->idx = idx;
+	dev->tty = tty;
+	dev->netdev = ndev;
+	dev->txstate = STATE_IDLE;
+	dev->rxstate = STATE_IDLE;
+	spin_lock_init(&dev->lock);
+	INIT_WORK(&dev->tx_work, mctp_serial_tx_work);
+
+	rc = register_netdev(ndev);
+	if (rc)
+		goto free_netdev;
+
+	tty->receive_room = 64 * 1024;
+	tty->disc_data = dev;
+
+	return 0;
+
+free_netdev:
+	free_netdev(ndev);
+
+free_ida:
+	ida_free(&mctp_serial_ida, idx);
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static void mctp_serial_close(struct tty_struct *tty)
+{
+	struct mctp_serial *dev = tty->disc_data;
+	int idx = dev->idx;
+
+	unregister_netdev(dev->netdev);
+	ida_free(&mctp_serial_ida, idx);
+}
+
+static struct tty_ldisc_ops mctp_ldisc = {
+	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
+	.num		= N_MCTP,
+	.name		= "mctp",
+	.open		= mctp_serial_open,
+	.close		= mctp_serial_close,
+	.receive_buf	= mctp_serial_tty_receive_buf,
+	.write_wakeup	= mctp_serial_tty_write_wakeup,
+};
+
+static int __init mctp_serial_init(void)
+{
+	return tty_register_ldisc(&mctp_ldisc);
+}
+
+static void __exit mctp_serial_exit(void)
+{
+	tty_unregister_ldisc(&mctp_ldisc);
+}
+
+module_init(mctp_serial_init);
+module_exit(mctp_serial_exit);
+
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jeremy Kerr <jk@...econstruct.com.au>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("MCTP Serial transport");
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/tty.h b/include/uapi/linux/tty.h
index 376cccf397be..a58deb3061eb 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/tty.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/tty.h
@@ -38,5 +38,6 @@
 #define N_NCI		25	/* NFC NCI UART */
 #define N_SPEAKUP	26	/* Speakup communication with synths */
 #define N_NULL		27	/* Null ldisc used for error handling */
+#define N_MCTP		28	/* MCTP-over-serial */
 
 #endif /* _UAPI_LINUX_TTY_H */
-- 
2.30.2

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