netdev - Re: [PATCH] veth: Fix race with AF_XDP exposing old or uninitialized descriptors

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Message-ID: <871qo0hdrh.fsf@toke.dk>
Date:   Thu, 12 Jan 2023 00:06:58 +0100
From:   Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@...hat.com>
To:     Magnus Karlsson <magnus.karlsson@...il.com>
Cc:     Paolo Abeni <pabeni@...hat.com>,
        Shawn Bohrer <sbohrer@...udflare.com>, netdev@...r.kernel.org,
        bpf@...r.kernel.org, bjorn@...nel.org, kernel-team@...udflare.com,
        davem@...emloft.net
Subject: Re: [PATCH] veth: Fix race with AF_XDP exposing old or
 uninitialized descriptors

Magnus Karlsson <magnus.karlsson@...il.com> writes:

> On Wed, Jan 11, 2023 at 3:21 PM Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@...hat.com> wrote:
>>
>> Magnus Karlsson <magnus.karlsson@...il.com> writes:
>>
>> > On Thu, Dec 22, 2022 at 11:18 AM Paolo Abeni <pabeni@...hat.com> wrote:
>> >>
>> >> On Tue, 2022-12-20 at 12:59 -0600, Shawn Bohrer wrote:
>> >> > When AF_XDP is used on on a veth interface the RX ring is updated in two
>> >> > steps.  veth_xdp_rcv() removes packet descriptors from the FILL ring
>> >> > fills them and places them in the RX ring updating the cached_prod
>> >> > pointer.  Later xdp_do_flush() syncs the RX ring prod pointer with the
>> >> > cached_prod pointer allowing user-space to see the recently filled in
>> >> > descriptors.  The rings are intended to be SPSC, however the existing
>> >> > order in veth_poll allows the xdp_do_flush() to run concurrently with
>> >> > another CPU creating a race condition that allows user-space to see old
>> >> > or uninitialized descriptors in the RX ring.  This bug has been observed
>> >> > in production systems.
>> >> >
>> >> > To summarize, we are expecting this ordering:
>> >> >
>> >> > CPU 0 __xsk_rcv_zc()
>> >> > CPU 0 __xsk_map_flush()
>> >> > CPU 2 __xsk_rcv_zc()
>> >> > CPU 2 __xsk_map_flush()
>> >> >
>> >> > But we are seeing this order:
>> >> >
>> >> > CPU 0 __xsk_rcv_zc()
>> >> > CPU 2 __xsk_rcv_zc()
>> >> > CPU 0 __xsk_map_flush()
>> >> > CPU 2 __xsk_map_flush()
>> >> >
>> >> > This occurs because we rely on NAPI to ensure that only one napi_poll
>> >> > handler is running at a time for the given veth receive queue.
>> >> > napi_schedule_prep() will prevent multiple instances from getting
>> >> > scheduled. However calling napi_complete_done() signals that this
>> >> > napi_poll is complete and allows subsequent calls to
>> >> > napi_schedule_prep() and __napi_schedule() to succeed in scheduling a
>> >> > concurrent napi_poll before the xdp_do_flush() has been called.  For the
>> >> > veth driver a concurrent call to napi_schedule_prep() and
>> >> > __napi_schedule() can occur on a different CPU because the veth xmit
>> >> > path can additionally schedule a napi_poll creating the race.
>> >>
>> >> The above looks like a generic problem that other drivers could hit.
>> >> Perhaps it could be worthy updating the xdp_do_flush() doc text to
>> >> explicitly mention it must be called before napi_complete_done().
>> >
>> > Good observation. I took a quick peek at this and it seems there are
>> > at least 5 more drivers that can call napi_complete_done() before
>> > xdp_do_flush():
>> >
>> > drivers/net/ethernet/qlogic/qede/
>> > drivers/net/ethernet/freescale/dpaa2
>> > drivers/net/ethernet/freescale/dpaa
>> > drivers/net/ethernet/microchip/lan966x
>> > drivers/net/virtio_net.c
>> >
>> > The question is then if this race can occur on these five drivers.
>> > Dpaa2 has AF_XDP zero-copy support implemented, so it can suffer from
>> > this race as the Tx zero-copy path is basically just a napi_schedule()
>> > and it can be called/invoked from multiple processes at the same time.
>> > In regards to the others, I do not know.
>> >
>> > Would it be prudent to just switch the order of xdp_do_flush() and
>> > napi_complete_done() in all these drivers, or would that be too
>> > defensive?
>>
>> We rely on being inside a single NAPI instance trough to the
>> xdp_do_flush() call for RCU protection of all in-kernel data structures
>> as well[0]. Not sure if this leads to actual real-world bugs for the
>> in-kernel path, but conceptually it's wrong at least. So yeah, I think
>> we should definitely swap the order everywhere and document this!
>
> OK, let me take a stab at it. For at least the first four, it will be
> compilation tested only from my side since I do not own any of those
> SoCs/cards. Will need the help of those maintainers for sure.

Sounds good, thanks! :)

-Toke