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Date: Fri, 27 Oct 2023 10:38:15 -0700
From: Kuniyuki Iwashima <kuniyu@...zon.com>
To: <jakub@...udflare.com>
CC: <bpf@...r.kernel.org>, <john.fastabend@...il.com>,
<martin.lau@...nel.org>, <netdev@...r.kernel.org>,
<yangyingliang@...wei.com>, <kuniyu@...zon.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH bpf 1/2] bpf: sockmap, af_unix sockets need to hold ref for pair sock
From: Jakub Sitnicki <jakub@...udflare.com>
Date: Fri, 27 Oct 2023 15:32:15 +0200
> On Tue, Oct 24, 2023 at 02:39 PM -07, John Fastabend wrote:
> > Jakub Sitnicki wrote:
> >> On Mon, Oct 16, 2023 at 12:08 PM -07, John Fastabend wrote:
> >> > AF_UNIX sockets are a paired socket. So sending on one of the pairs
> >> > will lookup the paired socket as part of the send operation. It is
> >> > possible however to put just one of the pairs in a BPF map. This
> >> > currently increments the refcnt on the sock in the sockmap to
> >> > ensure it is not free'd by the stack before sockmap cleans up its
> >> > state and stops any skbs being sent/recv'd to that socket.
> >> >
> >> > But we missed a case. If the peer socket is closed it will be
> >> > free'd by the stack. However, the paired socket can still be
> >> > referenced from BPF sockmap side because we hold a reference
> >> > there. Then if we are sending traffic through BPF sockmap to
> >> > that socket it will try to dereference the free'd pair in its
> >> > send logic creating a use after free. And following splat,
> >> >
> >> > [59.900375] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in sk_wake_async+0x31/0x1b0
> >> > [59.901211] Read of size 8 at addr ffff88811acbf060 by task kworker/1:2/954
> >> > [...]
> >> > [59.905468] Call Trace:
> >> > [59.905787] <TASK>
> >> > [59.906066] dump_stack_lvl+0x130/0x1d0
> >> > [59.908877] print_report+0x16f/0x740
> >> > [59.910629] kasan_report+0x118/0x160
> >> > [59.912576] sk_wake_async+0x31/0x1b0
> >> > [59.913554] sock_def_readable+0x156/0x2a0
> >> > [59.914060] unix_stream_sendmsg+0x3f9/0x12a0
> >> > [59.916398] sock_sendmsg+0x20e/0x250
> >> > [59.916854] skb_send_sock+0x236/0xac0
> >> > [59.920527] sk_psock_backlog+0x287/0xaa0
> >>
> >> Isn't the problem here that unix_stream_sendmsg doesn't grab a ref to
> >> peer sock? Unlike unix_dgram_sendmsg which uses the unix_peer_get
> >> helper.
> >
> > It does by my read. In unix_stream_connect we have,
> >
> > sock_hold(sk);
> > unix_peer(newsk) = sk;
> > newsk->sk_state = TCP_ESTABLISHED;
> >
> > where it assigns the peer sock. unix_dgram_connect() also calls
> > sock_hold() but through the path that does the socket lookup, such as
> > unix_find_other().
> >
> > The problem I see is before the socket does the kfree on the
> > sock we need to be sure the backlog is canceled and the skb list
> > ingress_skb is purged. If we don't ensure this then the redirect
> > will
> >
> > My model is this,
> >
> > s1 c1
> > refcnt 1 1
> > connect 2 2
> > psock 3 3
> > send(s1) ...
> > close(s1) 2 1 <- close drops psock count also
> > close(c1) 0 0
> >
> > The important bit here is the psock has a refcnt on the
> > underlying sock (psock->sk) and wont dec that until after
> > cancel_delayed_work_sync() completes. This ensures the
> > backlog wont try to sendmsg() on that sock after we free
> > it. We also check for SOCK_DEAD and abort to avoid sending
> > over a socket that has been marked DEAD.
> >
> > So... After close(s1) the only thing keeping that sock
> > around is c1. Then we close(c1) that call path is
> >
> > unix_release
> > close()
> > unix_release_sock()
> > skpair = unix_peer(sk);
> > ...
> > sock_put(skpair); <- trouble here
> >
> > The release will call sock_put() on the pair socket and
> > dec it to 0 where it gets free'd through sk_free(). But
> > now the trouble is we haven't waited for cancel_delayed_work_sync()
> > on the c1 socket yet so backlog can still run. When it does
> > run it may try to send a pkg over socket s1. OK right up until
> > the sendmsg(s1, ...) does a peer lookup and derefs the peer
> > socket. The peer socket was free'd earlier so use after free.
> >
> > The question I had originally was this is odd, we are allowing
> > a sendmsg(s1) over a socket while its in unix_release(). We
> > used to take the sock lock from the backlog that was dropped
> > in the name of performance, but it creates these races.
> >
> > Other fixes I considered. First adding sock lock back to
> > backlog. But that punishes the UDP and TCP cases that don't
> > have this problem. Set the SOCK_DEAD flag earlier or check
> > later but this just makes the race smaller doesn't really
> > eliminate it.
> >
> > So this patch is what I came up with.
>
> What I was getting at is that we could make it safe to call sendmsg on a
> unix stream sock while its peer is being release. And not just for
> sockmap. I expect io_uring might have the same problem. But I didn't
> actually check yet.
>
> For that we could keep a ref to peer for the duration of sendmsg call,
> like unix dgram does. Then 'other' doesn't become a stale pointer before
> we're done with it.
>
> Bumping ref count on each sendmsg is not free, but maybe its
> acceptable. Unix dgram sockets live with it.
The reason why only dgram sk needs sock_hold() for each sendmsg() is
that dgram sk can send data without connect(). unix_peer_get() in
unix_dgram_sendmsg() is to reuse the same code when peer is not set.
unix_stream_sendmsg() already holds a necessary refcnt and need not
use sock_hold() there.
The user who touches a peer without lookup must hold refcnt beforehand.
>
> With a patch like below, I'm no longer able to trigger an UAF splat.
>
> WDYT?
>
> ---8<---
>
> diff --git a/net/unix/af_unix.c b/net/unix/af_unix.c
> index 3e8a04a13668..48cf19ea9294 100644
> --- a/net/unix/af_unix.c
> +++ b/net/unix/af_unix.c
> @@ -2198,7 +2198,7 @@ static int unix_stream_sendmsg(struct socket *sock, struct msghdr *msg,
> goto out_err;
> } else {
> err = -ENOTCONN;
> - other = unix_peer(sk);
> + other = unix_peer_get(sk);
> if (!other)
> goto out_err;
> }
> @@ -2282,6 +2282,7 @@ static int unix_stream_sendmsg(struct socket *sock, struct msghdr *msg,
> }
> #endif
>
> + sock_put(other);
> scm_destroy(&scm);
>
> return sent;
> @@ -2294,6 +2295,8 @@ static int unix_stream_sendmsg(struct socket *sock, struct msghdr *msg,
> send_sig(SIGPIPE, current, 0);
> err = -EPIPE;
> out_err:
> + if (other)
> + sock_put(other);
> scm_destroy(&scm);
> return sent ? : err;
> }
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