netdev - Re: [PATCH v3 6/6] x86/vmware: Add TDX hypercall support

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Date: Tue, 19 Dec 2023 19:02:27 -0800
From: Alexey Makhalov <alexey.makhalov@...adcom.com>
To: kirill.shutemov@...ux.intel.com
Cc: linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, virtualization@...ts.linux.dev,
 bp@...en8.de, hpa@...or.com, dave.hansen@...ux.intel.com, mingo@...hat.com,
 tglx@...utronix.de, x86@...nel.org, netdev@...r.kernel.org,
 richardcochran@...il.com, linux-input@...r.kernel.org,
 dmitry.torokhov@...il.com, zackr@...are.com,
 linux-graphics-maintainer@...are.com, pv-drivers@...are.com,
 namit@...are.com, timothym@...are.com, akaher@...are.com, jsipek@...are.com,
 dri-devel@...ts.freedesktop.org, daniel@...ll.ch, airlied@...il.com,
 tzimmermann@...e.de, mripard@...nel.org, maarten.lankhorst@...ux.intel.com,
 horms@...nel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v3 6/6] x86/vmware: Add TDX hypercall support

On 12/19/23 5:00 PM, kirill.shutemov@...ux.intel.com wrote:
> On Tue, Dec 19, 2023 at 04:27:51PM -0800, Alexey Makhalov wrote:
>>
>>
>> On 12/19/23 3:23 PM, kirill.shutemov@...ux.intel.com wrote:
>>> On Tue, Dec 19, 2023 at 01:57:51PM -0800, Alexey Makhalov wrote:
>>>> diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/vmware.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/vmware.c
>>>> index 3aa1adaed18f..ef07ab7a07e1 100644
>>>> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/vmware.c
>>>> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/vmware.c
>>>> @@ -428,6 +428,30 @@ static bool __init vmware_legacy_x2apic_available(void)
>>>>    		(eax & BIT(VCPU_LEGACY_X2APIC));
>>>>    }
>>>> +#ifdef CONFIG_INTEL_TDX_GUEST
>>>> +unsigned long vmware_tdx_hypercall(unsigned long cmd,
>>>> +				   struct tdx_module_args *args)
>>>> +{
>>>> +	if (!hypervisor_is_type(X86_HYPER_VMWARE))
>>>> +		return 0;
> 
> BTW, don't you want to warn here to? We don't expect vmware hypercalls to
> be called by non-vmware guest, do we?

The answer is below...

> 
>>>> +
>>>> +	if (cmd & ~VMWARE_CMD_MASK) {
>>>> +		pr_warn("Out of range command %x\n", cmd);
>>>> +		return 0;
>>>
>>> Is zero success? Shouldn't it be an error?
>>
>> VMware hypercalls do not have a standard way of signalling an error.
>> To generalize expectations from the caller perspective of any existing
>> hypercalls: error (including hypercall is not supported or disabled) is when
>> return value is 0 and out1/2 are unchanged or equal to in1/in2.
> 
> You are talking about signaling errors over hypercall transport. But if
> kernel can see that something is wrong why cannot it signal the issue
> clearly to caller. It is going to be in-kernel convention.These "return 0" blocks were introduced to protect against non-vmware 
guest or arbitrary modules trying to use __tdx_hypercall via exported 
vmware_tdx_hypercall function. In this case, it will be NOOP behavior 
with no or minor side effects.

 From valid vmware_hypercall callers point of view, there is no such 
thing as a hypercall not available. Once guest detection code recognizes 
VMWare hypervisor via cpuid, it will start using hypercalls in 
accordance to per-call API.

Valid VMware guest code will never go into first return, no warning 
required.
Second return can be hit in rare cases for example during development 
phase, or, hypothetical case, when cmd was dynamically generated.
That's why we have a warning warning only for the second condition.

While speaking about it, I'm started to lean towards your 
recommendation. Yes, we can return standard error code such as -EINVAL 
or just -1 instead of "return 0" in this function. And it will be 
algorithmically correct. As if Vmware guest caller provide out of range 
cmd - it is not documented behavior.

Speaking of additional in-kernel convention for passing additional 
parameter if error happens, it does not makes sense for me because:
1. existing caller codes analyze output argument to recognize error 
error response from the hypervisor. Adding one additional check for 
in-kernel errors just for TDX path which will be never hit by valid code 
in production is an unnecessary overhead.
2. It will definitely add an overhead as an error code will require one 
more output value, or out0 should be moved from return in-register value 
to return by pointer function argument.

Summarizing, overloading vmware_tdx_hypercall return value by arg0 (from 
the hypervisor) and kernel error (-1 or any other) seems like reasonable 
change.

> 
> And to very least, it has to be pr_warn_once().
> 
Good catch! Will change it.

Thanks,
--Alexey