Message-ID: <20240726131110.GD28621@pendragon.ideasonboard.com>
Date: Fri, 26 Jul 2024 16:11:10 +0300
From: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@...asonboard.com>
To: Ricardo Ribalda Delgado <ricardo.ribalda@...il.com>
Cc: Leon Romanovsky <leon@...nel.org>,
	James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@...senpartnership.com>,
	Jiri Kosina <jikos@...nel.org>,
	Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@...el.com>, ksummit@...ts.linux.dev,
	linux-cxl@...r.kernel.org, linux-rdma@...r.kernel.org,
	netdev@...r.kernel.org, jgg@...dia.com
Subject: Re: [MAINTAINERS SUMMIT] Device Passthrough Considered Harmful?

On Fri, Jul 26, 2024 at 10:02:27AM +0200, Ricardo Ribalda Delgado wrote:
> On Thu, Jul 25, 2024 at 9:44 PM Laurent Pinchart wrote:
> > On Thu, Jul 25, 2024 at 04:20:35PM +0300, Leon Romanovsky wrote:
> > > On Thu, Jul 25, 2024 at 03:02:13PM +0200, Ricardo Ribalda Delgado wrote:
> > > > On Thu, Jul 25, 2024 at 2:23 PM Leon Romanovsky wrote:
> > > > > On Thu, Jul 25, 2024 at 11:26:38AM +0200, Ricardo Ribalda Delgado wrote:
> > > > > > On Wed, Jul 24, 2024 at 10:02 PM Laurent Pinchart wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > <...>
> > > > >
> > > > > > It would be great to define what are the free software communities
> > > > > > here. Distros and final users are also "free software communities" and
> > > > > > they do not care about niche use cases covered by proprietary
> > > > > > software.
> > > > >
> > > > > Are you certain about that?
> > > >
> > > > As a user, and as an open source Distro developer I have a small hint.
> > > > But you could also ask users what they think about not being able to
> > > > use their notebook's cameras. The last time that I could not use some
> > > > basic hardware from a notebook with Linux was 20 years ago.
> > >
> > > Lucky you, I still have consumer hardware (speaker) that doesn't work
> > > with Linux, and even now, there is basic hardware in my current
> > > laptop (HP docking station) that doesn't work reliably in Linux.
> > >
> > > > > > They only care (and should care) about normal workflows.
> > > > >
> > > > > What is a normal workflow?
> > > > > Does it mean that if user bought something very expensive he
> > > > > should not be able to use it with free software, because his
> > > > > usage is different from yours?
> > > > >
> > > > > Thanks
> > > >
> > > > It means that we should not block the standard usage for 99% of the
> > > > population just because 1% of the users cannot do something fancy with
> > > > their device.
> > >
> > > Right, the problem is that in some areas the statistics slightly different.
> > > 99% population is blocked because 1% of the users don't need it and
> > > don't think that it is "normal" flow.
> > >
> > > > Let me give you an example. When I buy a camera I want to be able to
> > > > do Video Conferencing and take some static photos of documents. I do
> > > > not care about: automatic makeup, AI generated background, unicorn
> > > > filters, eyes recentering... But we need to give a way to vendors to
> > > > implement those things closely, without the marketing differentiators,
> > > > vendors have zero incentive to invest in Linux, and that affects all
> > > > the population.
> >
> > I've seen these kind of examples being repeatedly given in discussions
> > related to camera ISP support in Linux. They are very misleading. These
> > are not the kind of features that are relevant for the device
> > pass-through discussion these day. Those are high-level use cases
> > implemented in userspace, and vendors can ship any closed-source
> > binaries they want there. What I care about is the features exposed by
> > the kernel to userspace API.
> 
> The ISPs are gradually becoming programmable devices and they indeed
> help during all of those examples.

I'd like to see more technical information to substantiate this claim.
So far what I've sometimes seen is ISPs that include programmable
elements, but hiding those behind a firmware that exposes a fixed
(configurable) pipeline. I've also heard of attempts to expose some of
that programmability to the operating system, which were abandoned in
the end due to lack usefulness.

> Userspace needs to send/receive information from the ISP, and that is
> exactly what vendors want to keep in the close.

But that's exactly what we need to implement an open userspace ecosystem
:-)

> Describing how they implement those algorithms is a patent minefield
> and their differentiating factor.

Those are also arguments I've heard many times before. The
differentiating factor for cameras today is mostly in userspace ISP
control algorithms, and nobody is telling vendors they need to open all
that.

When it comes to patents, we all know how software patents is a
minefield, and hardware is also affected. I can't have much sympathy for
this argument though, those patents mostly benefit the largest players
in the market, and those are the ones who currently claim they can't
open anything due to patents.

> > > > This challenge seems to be solved for GPUs. I am using my AMD GPU
> > > > freely and my nephew can install the amdgpu-pro proprietary user space
> > > > driver to play duke nukem (or whatever kids play now) at 2000 fps.
> > > >
> > > > There are other other subsystems that allow vendor passthrough and
> > > > their ecosystem has not collapsed.
> > >
> > > Yes, I completely agree with you on that.
> > >
> > > > Can we have some general guidance of what is acceptable? Can we define
> > > > together the "normal workflow" and focus on a *full* open source
> > > > implementation of that?
> > >
> > > I don't think that is possible to define "normal workflow". Requirement
> > > to have open-source counterpart to everything exposed through UAPI is a
> > > valid one. I'm all for that.
> >
> > That's my current opinion as well, as least when it comes to the kernel
> > areas I mostly work with.

-- 
Regards,

Laurent Pinchart

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