linux-kernel - Re: Potential use-after-free in ____call

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Date:	Tue, 3 Sep 2013 23:27:57 +0300
From:	Dan Aloni <alonid@...atoscale.com>
To:	Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@...gle.com>
Cc:	LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@...gle.com>,
	Kostya Serebryany <kcc@...gle.com>,
	Alexander Potapenko <glider@...gle.com>,
	Evgeniy Stepanov <eugenis@...gle.com>
Subject: Re: Potential use-after-free in ____call_usermodehelper

On Tue, Sep 03, 2013 at 05:49:03PM +0400, Dmitry Vyukov wrote:
> Is anybody reading this? Is it a correct place to post such things?
> Maybe there is a more appropriate place?

This is the correct place, and people are reading this. However, the
bug is not an obvious one, and you mentioned that this bug reproduces 
on a tree with significant deviation from vanilla in core kernel code 
(i.e. memory allocations) with potential bugs, and it also relies on a 
gcc feature not used by the kernel yet.

Because of that it went down in priority compared to other kernel bugs 
that are currently being investigated.

Your work and contribution is appreciated nonetheless, but your bug
report needs to pertain closer to the work the core kernel hackers 
are doing.

Despite that, I did look into your report, and I'll address your analysis:

> >> I've looked at the sources, but I can't say that I fully understand
> >> them. The report looks valid, though. I see several potential issues
> >> in the code.
> >>
> >> 1. When wait=UMH_WAIT_EXEC and do_execve() fails,
> >> ____call_usermodehelper() writes sub_info->retval=retval to freed
> >> memory. This is the use-after-free reported by the tool.

The 'pid = kernel_thread(call_helper, sub_info, CLONE_VFORK | SIGCHLD);' 
call is designed to block until either do_execve() succeeds or the kernel 
thread exits - that happens after the store that triggers the issue, 
so the use-after-free cannot occur in that case.

This is thanks to the CLONE_VFORK flag, and I doubt it is broken.

> >> 2. When wait=UMH_NO_WAIT, __call_usermodehelper() starts child thread
> >> and instantly frees subprocess_info. The child thread reads
> >> subprocess_info. Looks like another use-after-free.

Same, kernel_thread() would be blocking because of CLONE_VFORK.

> >> 3. UMH_WAIT_EXEC does not actually wait for exec, it only waits for
> >> starting the child thread that will do exec. I don't know whether it's
> >> a problem with the code or with the name.

Same.

> >>
> >> The kernel version is 3.11-rc4 (last commit:
> >> b7bc9e7d808ba55729bd263b0210cda36965be32).
> >>
> >> Please help to confirm these issues, and advice what to do next with them.

Theory aside, I tried in practice to confirm the suggested issues and was 
unsuccessful, CLONE_VFORK seems to work as expected. Note that 
/sys/kernel/uevent_helper is empty in recent distros, so I had to put a 
non-existing executable path in there, for the relevant code path to run.

Concerning the original reporting, my suggestion is that you take the
patch below or a similar idea and try to reproduce the assert it adds 
with the *vanilla* kernel. i.e, take the unmodified b7bc9e7d808ba5 version
(or better - v3.11), and apply it. Also, you must remove the standard 
memory debugging options from the config of the kernel you that build, so 
that kfree would not zero out the memory (I think this is the default 
behavior in non-debug kernel, for performance).

diff --git a/kernel/kmod.c b/kernel/kmod.c
index 8241906..d10eab6 100644
--- a/kernel/kmod.c
+++ b/kernel/kmod.c
@@ -244,6 +244,7 @@ static int ____call_usermodehelper(void *data)

 	/* Exec failed? */
 fail:
+	BUG_ON(sub_info->retval == 0x12345678);
 	sub_info->retval = retval;
 	do_exit(0);
 }
@@ -259,6 +260,7 @@ static void call_usermodehelper_freeinfo(struct subprocess_info *info)
 {
 	if (info->cleanup)
 		(*info->cleanup)(info);
+	info->retval = 0x12345678;
 	kfree(info);
 }

This should help to prove it or not, and if it does prove it would be
appealing to more eyes. Please try the same approach with similar future 
issues.

-- 
Dan Aloni
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