Date:   Thu, 15 Sep 2016 16:33:24 -0700
From:   Kyle Huey <me@...ehuey.com>
To:     Robert O'Callahan <robert@...llahan.org>
Cc:     linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@...ux.intel.com>,
        Andy Lutomirski <luto@...capital.net>,
        Dmitry Safonov <0x7f454c46@...il.com>,
        Borislav Petkov <bp@...e.de>, linux-api@...r.kernel.org,
        xen-devel@...ts.xenproject.org,
        Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
        Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>,
        "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@...or.com>,
        x86@...nel.org (maintainer:X86 ARCHITECTURE (32-BIT AND 64-BIT)),
        Alexander Viro <viro@...iv.linux.org.uk>,
        Shuah Khan <shuah@...nel.org>,
        "Peter Zijlstra (Intel)" <peterz@...radead.org>,
        "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael.j.wysocki@...el.com>,
        Len Brown <len.brown@...el.com>,
        Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@...ux.intel.com>,
        Aravind Gopalakrishnan <Aravind.Gopalakrishnan@....com>,
        Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@...ux.intel.com>,
        Huang Rui <ray.huang@....com>,
        Vladimir Zapolskiy <vladimir_zapolskiy@...tor.com>,
        Andy Lutomirski <luto@...nel.org>,
        Dmitry Safonov <dsafonov@...tuozzo.com>,
        Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>, Jiri Slaby <jslaby@...e.cz>,
        Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@...driver.com>,
        Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@...tuozzo.com>,
        "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@...hat.com>,
        Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@...hat.com>,
        linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org (open list:FILESYSTEMS (VFS and
        infrastructure)),
        linux-kselftest@...r.kernel.org (open list:KERNEL SELFTEST FRAMEWORK)
Subject: [PATCH v3 3/3] x86,arch_prctl Add ARCH_[GET|SET]_CPUID for controlling the CPUID instruction

Intel supports faulting on the CPUID instruction in newer processors. Bit
31 of MSR_PLATFORM_INFO advertises support for this feature. It is
documented in detail in Section 2.3.2 of
http://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/application-notes/virtualization-technology-flexmigration-application-note.pdf

Support for this is implemented as a new pair of arch_prctls, available on both x86-32 and x86-64.  The structure mirrors PR_[GET|SET]_TSC.  Like the TSC flag, CPUID faulting is propagated across forks.  Unlike the TSC flag, it is reset (to CPUID enabled) on exec.

Signed-off-by: Kyle Huey <khuey@...ehuey.com>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/msr-index.h          |   1 +
 arch/x86/include/asm/thread_info.h        |   5 +-
 arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/prctl.h         |   6 +
 arch/x86/kernel/process.c                 |  98 ++++++++++++-
 fs/exec.c                                 |   6 +
 tools/testing/selftests/x86/Makefile      |   2 +-
 tools/testing/selftests/x86/cpuid-fault.c | 234 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 7 files changed, 349 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/x86/cpuid-fault.c

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/msr-index.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/msr-index.h
index 83908d5..4aebec2 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/msr-index.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/msr-index.h
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
 #define MSR_MTRRcap			0x000000fe
 #define MSR_IA32_BBL_CR_CTL		0x00000119
 #define MSR_IA32_BBL_CR_CTL3		0x0000011e
+#define MSR_MISC_FEATURES_ENABLES	0x00000140
 
 #define MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_CS		0x00000174
 #define MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_ESP		0x00000175
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/thread_info.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/thread_info.h
index 8b7c8d8..e3c40c6 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/thread_info.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/thread_info.h
@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ struct thread_info {
 #define TIF_SECCOMP		8	/* secure computing */
 #define TIF_USER_RETURN_NOTIFY	11	/* notify kernel of userspace return */
 #define TIF_UPROBE		12	/* breakpointed or singlestepping */
+#define TIF_NOCPUID		15	/* CPUID is not accessible in userland */
 #define TIF_NOTSC		16	/* TSC is not accessible in userland */
 #define TIF_IA32		17	/* IA32 compatibility process */
 #define TIF_FORK		18	/* ret_from_fork */
@@ -117,6 +118,7 @@ struct thread_info {
 #define _TIF_SECCOMP		(1 << TIF_SECCOMP)
 #define _TIF_USER_RETURN_NOTIFY	(1 << TIF_USER_RETURN_NOTIFY)
 #define _TIF_UPROBE		(1 << TIF_UPROBE)
+#define _TIF_NOCPUID		(1 << TIF_NOCPUID)
 #define _TIF_NOTSC		(1 << TIF_NOTSC)
 #define _TIF_IA32		(1 << TIF_IA32)
 #define _TIF_FORK		(1 << TIF_FORK)
@@ -146,7 +148,7 @@ struct thread_info {
 
 /* flags to check in __switch_to() */
 #define _TIF_WORK_CTXSW							\
-	(_TIF_IO_BITMAP|_TIF_NOTSC|_TIF_BLOCKSTEP)
+	(_TIF_IO_BITMAP|_TIF_NOCPUID|_TIF_NOTSC|_TIF_BLOCKSTEP)
 
 #define _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_PREV (_TIF_WORK_CTXSW|_TIF_USER_RETURN_NOTIFY)
 #define _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_NEXT (_TIF_WORK_CTXSW)
@@ -293,6 +295,7 @@ static inline bool in_ia32_syscall(void)
 extern void arch_task_cache_init(void);
 extern int arch_dup_task_struct(struct task_struct *dst, struct task_struct *src);
 extern void arch_release_task_struct(struct task_struct *tsk);
+extern void arch_post_exec(void);
 #endif	/* !__ASSEMBLY__ */
 
 #endif /* _ASM_X86_THREAD_INFO_H */
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/prctl.h b/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/prctl.h
index 3ac5032..c087e55 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/prctl.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/prctl.h
@@ -6,4 +6,10 @@
 #define ARCH_GET_FS 0x1003
 #define ARCH_GET_GS 0x1004
 
+/* Get/set the process' ability to use the CPUID instruction */
+#define ARCH_GET_CPUID 0x1005
+#define ARCH_SET_CPUID 0x1006
+# define ARCH_CPUID_ENABLE		1	/* allow the use of the CPUID instruction */
+# define ARCH_CPUID_SIGSEGV		2	/* throw a SIGSEGV instead of reading the CPUID */
+
 #endif /* _ASM_X86_PRCTL_H */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/process.c b/arch/x86/kernel/process.c
index 1421451..f307d5c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/process.c
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
 #include <asm/mce.h>
 #include <asm/vm86.h>
+#include <asm/prctl.h>
 
 /*
  * per-CPU TSS segments. Threads are completely 'soft' on Linux,
@@ -191,6 +192,75 @@ int set_tsc_mode(unsigned int val)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void switch_cpuid_faulting(bool on)
+{
+	if (on)
+		msr_set_bit(MSR_MISC_FEATURES_ENABLES, 0);
+	else
+		msr_clear_bit(MSR_MISC_FEATURES_ENABLES, 0);
+}
+
+static void disable_cpuid(void)
+{
+	preempt_disable();
+	if (!test_and_set_thread_flag(TIF_NOCPUID))
+		/*
+		 * Must flip the CPU state synchronously with
+		 * TIF_NOCPUID in the current running context.
+		 */
+		switch_cpuid_faulting(true);
+	preempt_enable();
+}
+
+static void enable_cpuid(void)
+{
+	preempt_disable();
+	if (test_and_clear_thread_flag(TIF_NOCPUID))
+		/*
+		 * Must flip the CPU state synchronously with
+		 * TIF_NOCPUID in the current running context.
+		 */
+		switch_cpuid_faulting(false);
+	preempt_enable();
+}
+
+int get_cpuid_mode(unsigned long adr)
+{
+	unsigned int val;
+
+	if (test_thread_flag(TIF_NOCPUID))
+		val = ARCH_CPUID_SIGSEGV;
+	else
+		val = ARCH_CPUID_ENABLE;
+
+	return put_user(val, (unsigned int __user *)adr);
+}
+
+int set_cpuid_mode(struct task_struct *task, unsigned long val)
+{
+	/* Only disable/enable_cpuid() if it is supported on this hardware. */
+	bool cpuid_fault_supported = static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_CPUID_FAULT);
+
+	if (val == ARCH_CPUID_ENABLE && cpuid_fault_supported)
+		enable_cpuid();
+	else if (val == ARCH_CPUID_SIGSEGV && cpuid_fault_supported)
+		disable_cpuid();
+	else
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called immediately after a successful exec.
+ */
+void arch_post_exec()
+{
+	/* If cpuid was previously disabled for this task, re-enable it. */
+	if (test_thread_flag(TIF_NOCPUID))
+		enable_cpuid();
+}
+
 void __switch_to_xtra(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p,
 		      struct tss_struct *tss)
 {
@@ -210,6 +280,15 @@ void __switch_to_xtra(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p,
 		update_debugctlmsr(debugctl);
 	}
 
+	if (test_tsk_thread_flag(prev_p, TIF_NOCPUID) ^
+	    test_tsk_thread_flag(next_p, TIF_NOCPUID)) {
+		/* prev and next are different */
+		if (test_tsk_thread_flag(next_p, TIF_NOCPUID))
+			switch_cpuid_faulting(true);
+		else
+			switch_cpuid_faulting(false);
+	}
+
 	if (test_tsk_thread_flag(prev_p, TIF_NOTSC) ^
 	    test_tsk_thread_flag(next_p, TIF_NOTSC)) {
 		/* prev and next are different */
@@ -570,7 +649,24 @@ unsigned long get_wchan(struct task_struct *p)
 
 long do_arch_prctl_common(struct task_struct *task, int code, unsigned long arg2)
 {
-	return -EINVAL;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	switch (code) {
+	case ARCH_GET_CPUID: {
+		ret = get_cpuid_mode(arg2);
+		break;
+	}
+	case ARCH_SET_CPUID: {
+		ret = set_cpuid_mode(task, arg2);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	default:
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return ret;
 }
 
 asmlinkage long compat_sys_arch_prctl(int code, unsigned long arg2)
diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
index 6fcfb3f..a0fca09 100644
--- a/fs/exec.c
+++ b/fs/exec.c
@@ -1627,6 +1627,11 @@ static int exec_binprm(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+void __weak arch_post_exec(void)
+{
+	/* Do nothing by default */
+}
+
 /*
  * sys_execve() executes a new program.
  */
@@ -1743,6 +1748,7 @@ static int do_execveat_common(int fd, struct filename *filename,
 	/* execve succeeded */
 	current->fs->in_exec = 0;
 	current->in_execve = 0;
+	arch_post_exec();
 	acct_update_integrals(current);
 	task_numa_free(current);
 	free_bprm(bprm);
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/x86/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/x86/Makefile
index 4f747ee..fbf34d3 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/x86/Makefile
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/x86/Makefile
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ include ../lib.mk
 .PHONY: all all_32 all_64 warn_32bit_failure clean
 
 TARGETS_C_BOTHBITS := single_step_syscall sysret_ss_attrs syscall_nt ptrace_syscall test_mremap_vdso \
-			check_initial_reg_state sigreturn ldt_gdt iopl mpx-mini-test
+			check_initial_reg_state sigreturn ldt_gdt iopl mpx-mini-test cpuid-fault
 TARGETS_C_32BIT_ONLY := entry_from_vm86 syscall_arg_fault test_syscall_vdso unwind_vdso \
 			test_FCMOV test_FCOMI test_FISTTP \
 			vdso_restorer
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/x86/cpuid-fault.c b/tools/testing/selftests/x86/cpuid-fault.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a9f3f68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/x86/cpuid-fault.c
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+
+/*
+ * Tests for arch_prctl(ARCH_GET_CPUID, ...) / prctl(ARCH_SET_CPUID, ...)
+ *
+ * Basic test to test behaviour of ARCH_GET_CPUID and ARCH_SET_CPUID
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <cpuid.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+
+#include <sys/prctl.h>
+#include <linux/prctl.h>
+
+const char *cpuid_names[] = {
+	[0] = "[not set]",
+	[ARCH_CPUID_ENABLE] = "ARCH_CPUID_ENABLE",
+	[ARCH_CPUID_SIGSEGV] = "ARCH_CPUID_SIGSEGV",
+};
+
+int arch_prctl(int code, unsigned long arg2)
+{
+	return syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, code, arg2);
+}
+
+int cpuid(unsigned int *eax, unsigned int *ebx, unsigned int *ecx,
+	  unsigned int *edx)
+{
+	return __get_cpuid(0, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
+}
+
+int do_child_exec_test(int eax, int ebx, int ecx, int edx)
+{
+	int cpuid_val = 0, child = 0, status = 0;
+
+	printf("arch_prctl(ARCH_GET_CPUID, &cpuid_val); ");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+	if (arch_prctl(ARCH_GET_CPUID, (unsigned long)&cpuid_val) != 0)
+		exit(42);
+
+	printf("cpuid_val == %s\n", cpuid_names[cpuid_val]);
+	if (cpuid_val != ARCH_CPUID_SIGSEGV)
+		exit(42);
+
+	if ((child = fork()) == 0) {
+		printf("exec\n");
+		fflush(stdout);
+		execl("/proc/self/exe", "cpuid-fault", "-early-return", NULL);
+	}
+
+	if (child != waitpid(child, &status, 0))
+		exit(42);
+
+	if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0)
+		exit(42);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int child_received_signal;
+
+void child_sigsegv_cb(int sig)
+{
+	int cpuid_val = 0;
+
+	child_received_signal = 1;
+	printf("[ SIG_SEGV ]\n");
+	printf("arch_prctl(ARCH_GET_CPUID, &cpuid_val); ");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+	if (arch_prctl(ARCH_GET_CPUID, (unsigned long)&cpuid_val) != 0)
+		exit(42);
+
+	printf("cpuid_val == %s\n", cpuid_names[cpuid_val]);
+	printf("arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_CPUID, ARCH_CPUID_ENABLE)\n");
+	fflush(stdout);
+	if (arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_CPUID, ARCH_CPUID_ENABLE) != 0)
+		exit(errno);
+
+	printf("cpuid() == ");
+}
+
+int do_child_test(void)
+{
+	unsigned int eax = 0, ebx = 0, ecx = 0, edx = 0;
+
+	signal(SIGSEGV, child_sigsegv_cb);
+
+	/* the child starts out with cpuid disabled, the signal handler
+	 * attempts to enable and retry
+	 */
+	printf("cpuid() == ");
+	fflush(stdout);
+	cpuid(&eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
+	printf("{%x, %x, %x, %x}\n", eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
+	return child_received_signal ? 0 : 42;
+}
+
+int signal_count;
+
+void sigsegv_cb(int sig)
+{
+	int cpuid_val = 0;
+
+	signal_count++;
+	printf("[ SIG_SEGV ]\n");
+	printf("arch_prctl(ARCH_GET_CPUID, &cpuid_val); ");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+	if (arch_prctl(ARCH_GET_CPUID, (unsigned long)&cpuid_val) != 0)
+		exit(42);
+
+	printf("cpuid_val == %s\n", cpuid_names[cpuid_val]);
+	printf("arch_prctl(ARC_SET_CPUID, ARCH_CPUID_ENABLE)\n");
+	fflush(stdout);
+	if (arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_CPUID, ARCH_CPUID_ENABLE) != 0)
+		exit(42);
+
+	printf("cpuid() == ");
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv)
+{
+	int cpuid_val = 0, child = 0, status = 0;
+	unsigned int eax = 0, ebx = 0, ecx = 0, edx = 0;
+
+	signal(SIGSEGV, sigsegv_cb);
+
+	cpuid(&eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
+	printf("cpuid() == {%x, %x, %x, %x}\n", eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
+	printf("arch_prctl(ARCH_GET_CPUID, &cpuid_val); ");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+	if (arch_prctl(ARCH_GET_CPUID, (unsigned long)&cpuid_val) != 0) {
+		if (errno == EINVAL) {
+			printf("ARCH_GET_CPUID is unsupported on this system.");
+			fflush(stdout);
+			exit(0); /* no ARCH_GET_CPUID on this system */
+		} else {
+			exit(42);
+		}
+	}
+
+	printf("cpuid_val == %s\n", cpuid_names[cpuid_val]);
+	cpuid(&eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
+	printf("cpuid() == {%x, %x, %x, %x}\n", eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
+	printf("arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_CPUID, ARCH_CPUID_ENABLE)\n");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+	if (arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_CPUID, ARCH_CPUID_ENABLE) != 0) {
+		if (errno == EINVAL) {
+			printf("ARCH_SET_CPUID is unsupported on this system.");
+			fflush(stdout);
+			exit(0); /* no ARCH_SET_CPUID on this system */
+		} else {
+			exit(42);
+		}
+	}
+
+
+	cpuid(&eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
+	printf("cpuid() == {%x, %x, %x, %x}\n", eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
+	printf("arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_CPUID, ARCH_CPUID_SIGSEGV)\n");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+	if (arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_CPUID, ARCH_CPUID_SIGSEGV) == -1)
+		exit(42);
+
+	printf("cpuid() == ");
+	fflush(stdout);
+	eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
+	cpuid(&eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
+	printf("{%x, %x, %x, %x}\n", eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
+	printf("arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_CPUID, ARCH_CPUID_SIGSEGV)\n");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+	if (signal_count != 1)
+		exit(42);
+
+	if (arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_CPUID, ARCH_CPUID_SIGSEGV) == -1)
+		exit(42);
+
+	if (argc > 1)
+		exit(0); /* Don't run the whole test again if we were execed */
+
+	printf("do_child_test\n");
+	fflush(stdout);
+	if ((child = fork()) == 0)
+		return do_child_test();
+
+	if (child != waitpid(child, &status, 0))
+		exit(42);
+
+	if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0)
+		exit(42);
+
+	/* The child enabling cpuid should not have affected us */
+	printf("cpuid() == ");
+	fflush(stdout);
+	eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
+	cpuid(&eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
+	printf("{%x, %x, %x, %x}\n", eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
+	printf("arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_CPUID, ARCH_CPUID_SIGSEGV)\n");
+	fflush(stdout);
+
+	if (signal_count != 2)
+		exit(42);
+
+	if (arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_CPUID, ARCH_CPUID_SIGSEGV) == -1)
+		exit(42);
+
+	/* Our ARCH_CPUID_SIGSEGV should not propagate through exec */
+	printf("do_child_exec_test\n");
+	fflush(stdout);
+	if ((child = fork()) == 0)
+		return do_child_exec_test(eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
+
+	if (child != waitpid(child, &status, 0))
+		exit(42);
+
+	if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0)
+		exit(42);
+
+	printf("All tests passed!\n");
+	fflush(stdout);
+	exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+}
+
-- 
2.9.3

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