Date:   Mon, 16 Oct 2017 17:51:38 -0700
From:   Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@...radead.org>
To:     Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@...ux.intel.com>,
        intel-sgx-kernel-dev@...ts.01.org
Cc:     platform-driver-x86@...r.kernel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v4 09/12] intel_sgx: driver documentation

On 10/16/17 12:18, Jarkko Sakkinen wrote:
> Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@...ux.intel.com>
> ---
>  Documentation/index.rst         |   1 +
>  Documentation/x86/intel_sgx.rst | 131 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  2 files changed, 132 insertions(+)
>  create mode 100644 Documentation/x86/intel_sgx.rst
> 
> diff --git a/Documentation/x86/intel_sgx.rst b/Documentation/x86/intel_sgx.rst
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..ee7fe9487d7b
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/Documentation/x86/intel_sgx.rst
> @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
> +===================
> +Intel(R) SGX driver
> +===================
> +
> +Introduction
> +============
> +
> +Intel(R) SGX is a set of CPU instructions that can be used by applications to
> +set aside private regions of code and data. The code outside the enclave is
> +disallowed to access the memory inside the enclave by the CPU access control.
> +In a way you can think that SGX provides inverted sandbox. It protects the
> +application from a malicious host.
> +
> +There is a new hardware unit in the processor called Memory Encryption Engine
> +(MEE) starting from the Skylake microachitecture. BIOS can define one or many

                                   microarchitecture.

> +MEE regions that can hold enclave data by configuring them with PRMRR registers.
> +
> +The MEE automatically encrypts the data leaving the processor package to the MEE
> +regions. The data is encrypted using a random key whose life-time is exactly one
> +power cycle.
> +
> +You can tell if your CPU supports SGX by looking into ``/proc/cpuinfo``:
> +
> +	``cat /proc/cpuinfo  | grep ' sgx '``

Are you sure about a space both before and after 'sgx'?

> +
> +Enclave data types
> +==================
> +
> +SGX defines new data types to maintain information about the enclaves and their
> +security properties.
> +
> +The following data structures exist in MEE regions:
> +
> +* **Enclave Page Cache (EPC):** memory pages for protected code and data
> +* **Enclave Page Cache Map (EPCM):** meta-data for each EPC page
> +
> +The Enclave Page Cache holds following types of pages:
> +
> +* **SGX Enclave Control Structure (SECS)**: meta-data defining the global
> +  properties of an enclave such as range of addresses it can access.
> +* **Regular (REG):** containing code and data for the enclave.
> +* **Thread Control Structure (TCS):** defines an entry point for a hardware
> +  thread to enter into the enclave. The enclave can only be entered through
> +  these entry points.
> +* **Version Array (VA)**: an EPC page receives a unique 8 byte version number
> +  when it is swapped, which is then stored into a VA page. A VA page can hold up
> +  to 512 version numbers.
> +
> +Launch control
> +==============
> +
> +For launching an enclave, two structures must be provided for ENCLS(EINIT):
> +
> +1. **SIGSTRUCT:** a signed measurement of the enclave binary.
> +2. **EINITTOKEN:** the measurement, the public key of the signer and various
> +   enclave attributes. This structure contains a MAC of its contents using
> +   hardware derived symmetric key called *launch key*.
> +
> +The hardware platform contains a root key pair for signing the SIGTRUCT
> +for a *launch enclave* that is able to acquire the *launch key* for
> +creating EINITTOKEN's for other enclaves.  For the launch enclave
> +EINITTOKEN is not needed because it is signed with the private root key.
> +
> +There are two feature control bits associate with launch control

                                      associated            control:

> +
> +* **IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL[0]**: locks down the feature control register
> +* **IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL[17]**: allow runtime reconfiguration of
> +  IA32_SGXLEPUBKEYHASHn MSRs that define MRSIGNER hash for the launch
> +  enclave. Essentially they define a signing key that does not require
> +  EINITTOKEN to be let run.
> +
> +The BIOS can configure IA32_SGXLEPUBKEYHASHn MSRs before feature control
> +register is locked.
> +
> +It could be tempting to implement launch control by writing the MSRs
> +every time when an enclave is launched. This does not scale because for
> +generic case because BIOS might lock down the MSRs before handover to
> +the OS.
> +
> +Debug enclaves
> +--------------
> +
> +Enclave can be set as a *debug enclave* of which memory can be read or written
> +by using the ENCLS(EDBGRD) and ENCLS(EDBGWR) opcodes. The Intel provided launch
> +enclave provides them always a valid EINITTOKEN and therefore they are a low
> +hanging fruit way to try out SGX.
> +
> +Virtualization
> +==============
> +
> +Launch control
> +--------------
> +
> +The values for IA32_SGXLEPUBKEYHASHn MSRs cannot be emulated for a virtual
> +machine guest. It would easily seem feasible to hold virtual values for these
> +MSRs, trap ENCLS(EINIT) and use the host LE to generate a token when a guest LE
> +is initialized.
> +
> +However, looking at the pseudo code of ENCLS(EINIT) from the SDM there is a
> +constraint that the instruction will fail if ATTRIBUTES.EINITTOKENKEY is set
> +(the documentation does not tell the reason why the constraint exists but it
> +exists).
> +
> +Thus, only when the MSRs are left unlocked before handover to the OS the
> +setting of these MSRs can be supported for VM guests.
> +
> +Suspend and resume
> +------------------
> +
> +If the host suspends and resumes, the enclave memory for the VM guest could
> +become invalid. This can make ENCLS leaf operations suddenly fail.
> +
> +The driver has a graceful fallback mechanism to manage this situation. If any of
> +the ENCLS leaf operations fail, the driver will fallback by kicking threads out
> +of the enclave, removing the TCS entries and marking enclave as invalid. After
> +this no new pages can be allocated for the enclave and no entry can be done.



-- 
~Randy

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