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Message-Id: <fe814c4f-f049-9b7f-0f4c-7238f159f144@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2018 18:40:26 +0200
From: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@...ux.vnet.ibm.com>
To: Daniel Jordan <daniel.m.jordan@...cle.com>, linux-mm@...ck.org,
linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, cgroups@...r.kernel.org
Cc: aaron.lu@...el.com, ak@...ux.intel.com, akpm@...ux-foundation.org,
dave.dice@...cle.com, dave.hansen@...ux.intel.com,
hannes@...xchg.org, levyossi@...oud.com,
mgorman@...hsingularity.net, mhocko@...nel.org,
Pavel.Tatashin@...rosoft.com, steven.sistare@...cle.com,
tim.c.chen@...el.com, vdavydov.dev@...il.com, ying.huang@...el.com
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH v2 2/8] mm: make zone_reclaim_stat updates thread-safe
On 11/09/2018 02:42, Daniel Jordan wrote:
> lru_lock needs to be held to update the zone_reclaim_stat statistics.
> Similar to the previous patch, this requirement again arises fairly
> naturally because callers are holding lru_lock already.
>
> In preparation for allowing concurrent adds and removes from the LRU,
> however, make concurrent updates to these statistics safe without
> lru_lock. The lock continues to be held until later in the series, when
> it is replaced with a rwlock that also disables preemption, maintaining
> the assumption in the comment above __update_page_reclaim_stat, which is
> introduced here.
>
> Use a combination of per-cpu counters and atomics.
>
> Signed-off-by: Daniel Jordan <daniel.m.jordan@...cle.com>
> ---
> include/linux/mmzone.h | 50 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> init/main.c | 1 +
> mm/memcontrol.c | 20 ++++++++---------
> mm/memory_hotplug.c | 1 +
> mm/mmzone.c | 14 ++++++++++++
> mm/swap.c | 14 ++++++++----
> mm/vmscan.c | 42 ++++++++++++++++++++---------------
> 7 files changed, 110 insertions(+), 32 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/include/linux/mmzone.h b/include/linux/mmzone.h
> index 32699b2dc52a..6d4c23a3069d 100644
> --- a/include/linux/mmzone.h
> +++ b/include/linux/mmzone.h
> @@ -229,6 +229,12 @@ struct zone_reclaim_stat {
> *
> * The anon LRU stats live in [0], file LRU stats in [1]
> */
> + atomic_long_t recent_rotated[2];
> + atomic_long_t recent_scanned[2];
It might be better to use a slightly different name for these fields to
distinguish them from the ones in the zone_reclaim_stat_cpu structure.
> +};
> +
> +/* These spill into the counters in struct zone_reclaim_stat beyond a cutoff. */
> +struct zone_reclaim_stat_cpu {
> unsigned long recent_rotated[2];
> unsigned long recent_scanned[2];
> };
> @@ -236,6 +242,7 @@ struct zone_reclaim_stat {
> struct lruvec {
> struct list_head lists[NR_LRU_LISTS];
> struct zone_reclaim_stat reclaim_stat;
> + struct zone_reclaim_stat_cpu __percpu *reclaim_stat_cpu;
> /* Evictions & activations on the inactive file list */
> atomic_long_t inactive_age;
> /* Refaults at the time of last reclaim cycle */
> @@ -245,6 +252,47 @@ struct lruvec {
> #endif
> };
>
> +#define RECLAIM_STAT_BATCH 32U /* From SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX */
> +
> +/*
> + * Callers of the below three functions that update reclaim stats must hold
> + * lru_lock and have preemption disabled. Use percpu counters that spill into
> + * atomics to allow concurrent updates when multiple readers hold lru_lock.
> + */
> +
> +static inline void __update_page_reclaim_stat(unsigned long count,
> + unsigned long *percpu_stat,
> + atomic_long_t *stat)
> +{
> + unsigned long val = *percpu_stat + count;
> +
> + if (unlikely(val > RECLAIM_STAT_BATCH)) {
> + atomic_long_add(val, stat);
> + val = 0;
> + }
> + *percpu_stat = val;
> +}
> +
> +static inline void update_reclaim_stat_scanned(struct lruvec *lruvec, int file,
> + unsigned long count)
> +{
> + struct zone_reclaim_stat_cpu __percpu *percpu_stat =
> + this_cpu_ptr(lruvec->reclaim_stat_cpu);
> +
> + __update_page_reclaim_stat(count, &percpu_stat->recent_scanned[file],
> + &lruvec->reclaim_stat.recent_scanned[file]);
> +}
> +
> +static inline void update_reclaim_stat_rotated(struct lruvec *lruvec, int file,
> + unsigned long count)
> +{
> + struct zone_reclaim_stat_cpu __percpu *percpu_stat =
> + this_cpu_ptr(lruvec->reclaim_stat_cpu);
> +
> + __update_page_reclaim_stat(count, &percpu_stat->recent_rotated[file],
> + &lruvec->reclaim_stat.recent_rotated[file]);
> +}
> +
> /* Mask used at gathering information at once (see memcontrol.c) */
> #define LRU_ALL_FILE (BIT(LRU_INACTIVE_FILE) | BIT(LRU_ACTIVE_FILE))
> #define LRU_ALL_ANON (BIT(LRU_INACTIVE_ANON) | BIT(LRU_ACTIVE_ANON))
> @@ -795,6 +843,8 @@ extern void init_currently_empty_zone(struct zone *zone, unsigned long start_pfn
> unsigned long size);
>
> extern void lruvec_init(struct lruvec *lruvec);
> +extern void lruvec_init_late(struct lruvec *lruvec);
> +extern void lruvecs_init_late(void);
>
> static inline struct pglist_data *lruvec_pgdat(struct lruvec *lruvec)
> {
> diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
> index 3b4ada11ed52..80ad02fe99de 100644
> --- a/init/main.c
> +++ b/init/main.c
> @@ -526,6 +526,7 @@ static void __init mm_init(void)
> init_espfix_bsp();
> /* Should be run after espfix64 is set up. */
> pti_init();
> + lruvecs_init_late();
> }
>
> asmlinkage __visible void __init start_kernel(void)
> diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c
> index 5463ad160e10..f7f9682482cd 100644
> --- a/mm/memcontrol.c
> +++ b/mm/memcontrol.c
> @@ -3152,22 +3152,22 @@ static int memcg_stat_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
> pg_data_t *pgdat;
> struct mem_cgroup_per_node *mz;
> struct zone_reclaim_stat *rstat;
> - unsigned long recent_rotated[2] = {0, 0};
> - unsigned long recent_scanned[2] = {0, 0};
> + unsigned long rota[2] = {0, 0};
> + unsigned long scan[2] = {0, 0};
>
> for_each_online_pgdat(pgdat) {
> mz = mem_cgroup_nodeinfo(memcg, pgdat->node_id);
> rstat = &mz->lruvec.reclaim_stat;
>
> - recent_rotated[0] += rstat->recent_rotated[0];
> - recent_rotated[1] += rstat->recent_rotated[1];
> - recent_scanned[0] += rstat->recent_scanned[0];
> - recent_scanned[1] += rstat->recent_scanned[1];
> + rota[0] += atomic_long_read(&rstat->recent_rotated[0]);
> + rota[1] += atomic_long_read(&rstat->recent_rotated[1]);
> + scan[0] += atomic_long_read(&rstat->recent_scanned[0]);
> + scan[1] += atomic_long_read(&rstat->recent_scanned[1]);
> }
> - seq_printf(m, "recent_rotated_anon %lu\n", recent_rotated[0]);
> - seq_printf(m, "recent_rotated_file %lu\n", recent_rotated[1]);
> - seq_printf(m, "recent_scanned_anon %lu\n", recent_scanned[0]);
> - seq_printf(m, "recent_scanned_file %lu\n", recent_scanned[1]);
> + seq_printf(m, "recent_rotated_anon %lu\n", rota[0]);
> + seq_printf(m, "recent_rotated_file %lu\n", rota[1]);
> + seq_printf(m, "recent_scanned_anon %lu\n", scan[0]);
> + seq_printf(m, "recent_scanned_file %lu\n", scan[1]);
> }
> #endif
>
> diff --git a/mm/memory_hotplug.c b/mm/memory_hotplug.c
> index 25982467800b..d3ebb11c3f9f 100644
> --- a/mm/memory_hotplug.c
> +++ b/mm/memory_hotplug.c
> @@ -1009,6 +1009,7 @@ static pg_data_t __ref *hotadd_new_pgdat(int nid, u64 start)
> /* init node's zones as empty zones, we don't have any present pages.*/
> free_area_init_node(nid, zones_size, start_pfn, zholes_size);
> pgdat->per_cpu_nodestats = alloc_percpu(struct per_cpu_nodestat);
> + lruvec_init_late(node_lruvec(pgdat));
>
> /*
> * The node we allocated has no zone fallback lists. For avoiding
> diff --git a/mm/mmzone.c b/mm/mmzone.c
> index 4686fdc23bb9..090cd4f7effb 100644
> --- a/mm/mmzone.c
> +++ b/mm/mmzone.c
> @@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
> #include <linux/stddef.h>
> #include <linux/mm.h>
> #include <linux/mmzone.h>
> +#include <linux/percpu.h>
>
> struct pglist_data *first_online_pgdat(void)
> {
> @@ -96,6 +97,19 @@ void lruvec_init(struct lruvec *lruvec)
> INIT_LIST_HEAD(&lruvec->lists[lru]);
> }
>
> +void lruvec_init_late(struct lruvec *lruvec)
> +{
> + lruvec->reclaim_stat_cpu = alloc_percpu(struct zone_reclaim_stat_cpu);
> +}
> +
> +void lruvecs_init_late(void)
> +{
> + pg_data_t *pgdat;
> +
> + for_each_online_pgdat(pgdat)
> + lruvec_init_late(node_lruvec(pgdat));
> +}
> +
> #if defined(CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING) && !defined(LAST_CPUPID_NOT_IN_PAGE_FLAGS)
> int page_cpupid_xchg_last(struct page *page, int cpupid)
> {
> diff --git a/mm/swap.c b/mm/swap.c
> index 3dd518832096..219c234d632f 100644
> --- a/mm/swap.c
> +++ b/mm/swap.c
> @@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
> #include <linux/uio.h>
> #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
> #include <linux/page_idle.h>
> +#include <linux/mmzone.h>
>
> #include "internal.h"
>
> @@ -260,14 +261,19 @@ void rotate_reclaimable_page(struct page *page)
> }
> }
>
> +/*
> + * Updates page reclaim statistics using per-cpu counters that spill into
> + * atomics above a threshold.
> + *
> + * Assumes that the caller has disabled preemption. IRQs may be enabled
> + * because this function is not called from irq context.
> + */
> static void update_page_reclaim_stat(struct lruvec *lruvec,
> int file, int rotated)
> {
> - struct zone_reclaim_stat *reclaim_stat = &lruvec->reclaim_stat;
> -
> - reclaim_stat->recent_scanned[file]++;
> + update_reclaim_stat_scanned(lruvec, file, 1);
> if (rotated)
> - reclaim_stat->recent_rotated[file]++;
> + update_reclaim_stat_rotated(lruvec, file, 1);
> }
>
> static void __activate_page(struct page *page, struct lruvec *lruvec,
> diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c
> index 9270a4370d54..730b6d0c6c61 100644
> --- a/mm/vmscan.c
> +++ b/mm/vmscan.c
> @@ -1655,7 +1655,6 @@ static int too_many_isolated(struct pglist_data *pgdat, int file,
> static noinline_for_stack void
> putback_inactive_pages(struct lruvec *lruvec, struct list_head *page_list)
> {
> - struct zone_reclaim_stat *reclaim_stat = &lruvec->reclaim_stat;
> struct pglist_data *pgdat = lruvec_pgdat(lruvec);
> LIST_HEAD(pages_to_free);
>
> @@ -1684,7 +1683,7 @@ putback_inactive_pages(struct lruvec *lruvec, struct list_head *page_list)
> if (is_active_lru(lru)) {
> int file = is_file_lru(lru);
> int numpages = hpage_nr_pages(page);
> - reclaim_stat->recent_rotated[file] += numpages;
> + update_reclaim_stat_rotated(lruvec, file, numpages);
> }
> if (put_page_testzero(page)) {
> __ClearPageLRU(page);
> @@ -1736,7 +1735,6 @@ shrink_inactive_list(unsigned long nr_to_scan, struct lruvec *lruvec,
> isolate_mode_t isolate_mode = 0;
> int file = is_file_lru(lru);
> struct pglist_data *pgdat = lruvec_pgdat(lruvec);
> - struct zone_reclaim_stat *reclaim_stat = &lruvec->reclaim_stat;
> bool stalled = false;
>
> while (unlikely(too_many_isolated(pgdat, file, sc))) {
> @@ -1763,7 +1761,7 @@ shrink_inactive_list(unsigned long nr_to_scan, struct lruvec *lruvec,
> &nr_scanned, sc, isolate_mode, lru);
>
> __mod_node_page_state(pgdat, NR_ISOLATED_ANON + file, nr_taken);
> - reclaim_stat->recent_scanned[file] += nr_taken;
> + update_reclaim_stat_scanned(lruvec, file, nr_taken);
>
> if (current_is_kswapd()) {
> if (global_reclaim(sc))
> @@ -1914,7 +1912,6 @@ static void shrink_active_list(unsigned long nr_to_scan,
> LIST_HEAD(l_active);
> LIST_HEAD(l_inactive);
> struct page *page;
> - struct zone_reclaim_stat *reclaim_stat = &lruvec->reclaim_stat;
> unsigned nr_deactivate, nr_activate;
> unsigned nr_rotated = 0;
> isolate_mode_t isolate_mode = 0;
> @@ -1932,7 +1929,7 @@ static void shrink_active_list(unsigned long nr_to_scan,
> &nr_scanned, sc, isolate_mode, lru);
>
> __mod_node_page_state(pgdat, NR_ISOLATED_ANON + file, nr_taken);
> - reclaim_stat->recent_scanned[file] += nr_taken;
> + update_reclaim_stat_scanned(lruvec, file, nr_taken);
>
> __count_vm_events(PGREFILL, nr_scanned);
> count_memcg_events(lruvec_memcg(lruvec), PGREFILL, nr_scanned);
> @@ -1989,7 +1986,7 @@ static void shrink_active_list(unsigned long nr_to_scan,
> * helps balance scan pressure between file and anonymous pages in
> * get_scan_count.
> */
> - reclaim_stat->recent_rotated[file] += nr_rotated;
> + update_reclaim_stat_rotated(lruvec, file, nr_rotated);
>
> nr_activate = move_active_pages_to_lru(lruvec, &l_active, &l_hold, lru);
> nr_deactivate = move_active_pages_to_lru(lruvec, &l_inactive, &l_hold, lru - LRU_ACTIVE);
> @@ -2116,7 +2113,7 @@ static void get_scan_count(struct lruvec *lruvec, struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
> unsigned long *lru_pages)
> {
> int swappiness = mem_cgroup_swappiness(memcg);
> - struct zone_reclaim_stat *reclaim_stat = &lruvec->reclaim_stat;
> + struct zone_reclaim_stat *rstat = &lruvec->reclaim_stat;
> u64 fraction[2];
> u64 denominator = 0; /* gcc */
> struct pglist_data *pgdat = lruvec_pgdat(lruvec);
> @@ -2125,6 +2122,7 @@ static void get_scan_count(struct lruvec *lruvec, struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
> unsigned long anon, file;
> unsigned long ap, fp;
> enum lru_list lru;
> + long recent_scanned[2], recent_rotated[2];
>
> /* If we have no swap space, do not bother scanning anon pages. */
> if (!sc->may_swap || mem_cgroup_get_nr_swap_pages(memcg) <= 0) {
> @@ -2238,14 +2236,22 @@ static void get_scan_count(struct lruvec *lruvec, struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
> lruvec_lru_size(lruvec, LRU_INACTIVE_FILE, MAX_NR_ZONES);
>
> spin_lock_irq(&pgdat->lru_lock);
> - if (unlikely(reclaim_stat->recent_scanned[0] > anon / 4)) {
> - reclaim_stat->recent_scanned[0] /= 2;
> - reclaim_stat->recent_rotated[0] /= 2;
> + recent_scanned[0] = atomic_long_read(&rstat->recent_scanned[0]);
> + recent_rotated[0] = atomic_long_read(&rstat->recent_rotated[0]);
> + if (unlikely(recent_scanned[0] > anon / 4)) {
> + recent_scanned[0] /= 2;
> + recent_rotated[0] /= 2;
> + atomic_long_set(&rstat->recent_scanned[0], recent_scanned[0]);
> + atomic_long_set(&rstat->recent_rotated[0], recent_rotated[0]);
> }
>
> - if (unlikely(reclaim_stat->recent_scanned[1] > file / 4)) {
> - reclaim_stat->recent_scanned[1] /= 2;
> - reclaim_stat->recent_rotated[1] /= 2;
> + recent_scanned[1] = atomic_long_read(&rstat->recent_scanned[1]);
> + recent_rotated[1] = atomic_long_read(&rstat->recent_rotated[1]);
> + if (unlikely(recent_scanned[1] > file / 4)) {
> + recent_scanned[1] /= 2;
> + recent_rotated[1] /= 2;
> + atomic_long_set(&rstat->recent_scanned[1], recent_scanned[1]);
> + atomic_long_set(&rstat->recent_rotated[1], recent_rotated[1]);
> }
>
> /*
> @@ -2253,11 +2259,11 @@ static void get_scan_count(struct lruvec *lruvec, struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
> * proportional to the fraction of recently scanned pages on
> * each list that were recently referenced and in active use.
> */
> - ap = anon_prio * (reclaim_stat->recent_scanned[0] + 1);
> - ap /= reclaim_stat->recent_rotated[0] + 1;
> + ap = anon_prio * (recent_scanned[0] + 1);
> + ap /= recent_rotated[0] + 1;
>
> - fp = file_prio * (reclaim_stat->recent_scanned[1] + 1);
> - fp /= reclaim_stat->recent_rotated[1] + 1;
> + fp = file_prio * (recent_scanned[1] + 1);
> + fp /= recent_rotated[1] + 1;
> spin_unlock_irq(&pgdat->lru_lock);
>
> fraction[0] = ap;
>
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