Date:   Wed, 24 Oct 2018 08:29:37 -0500
From:   ebiederm@...ssion.com (Eric W. Biederman)
To:     Enke Chen <enkechen@...co.com>
Cc:     Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
        Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>, Borislav Petkov <bp@...en8.de>,
        "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@...or.com>,
        Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
        Arnd Bergmann <arnd@...db.de>,
        Khalid Aziz <khalid.aziz@...cle.com>,
        Kate Stewart <kstewart@...uxfoundation.org>,
        Helge Deller <deller@....de>,
        Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>,
        Al Viro <viro@...iv.linux.org.uk>,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
        Christian Brauner <christian@...uner.io>,
        Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@....com>,
        Will Deacon <will.deacon@....com>,
        Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@....com>,
        Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@...nel.org>,
        Michal Hocko <mhocko@...nel.org>,
        Rik van Riel <riel@...riel.com>,
        "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@...ux.intel.com>,
        Roman Gushchin <guro@...com>,
        Marcos Paulo de Souza <marcos.souza.org@...il.com>,
        Oleg Nesterov <oleg@...hat.com>,
        Dominik Brodowski <linux@...inikbrodowski.net>,
        Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@...nvz.org>,
        Yang Shi <yang.shi@...ux.alibaba.com>,
        Jann Horn <jannh@...gle.com>,
        Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>, x86@...nel.org,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-arch@...r.kernel.org,
        "Victor Kamensky \(kamensky\)" <kamensky@...co.com>,
        xe-linux-external@...co.com, Stefan Strogin <sstrogin@...co.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2] kernel/signal: Signal-based pre-coredump notification

Enke Chen <enkechen@...co.com> writes:

> For simplicity and consistency, this patch provides an implementation
> for signal-based fault notification prior to the coredump of a child
> process. A new prctl command, PR_SET_PREDUMP_SIG, is defined that can
> be used by an application to express its interest and to specify the
> signal (SIGCHLD or SIGUSR1 or SIGUSR2) for such a notification. A new
> signal code (si_code), CLD_PREDUMP, is also defined for SIGCHLD.
>
> Changes to prctl(2):
>
>    PR_SET_PREDUMP_SIG (since Linux 4.20.x)
>           Set the child pre-coredump signal of the calling process to
>           arg2 (either SIGUSR1, or SIUSR2, or SIGCHLD, or 0 to clear).
>           This is the signal that the calling process will get prior to
>           the coredump of a child process. This value is cleared across
>           execve(2), or for the child of a fork(2).
>
>           When SIGCHLD is specified, the signal code will be set to
>           CLD_PREDUMP in such an SIGCHLD signal.

Your signal handling is still not right.  Please read and comprehend
siginfo_layout.

You have not filled in all of the required fields for the SIGCHLD case.
For the non SIGCHLD case you are using si_code == 0 == SI_USER which is
very wrong.  This is not a user generated signal.

Let me say this slowly.  The pair si_signo si_code determines the union
member of struct siginfo.  That needs to be handled consistently. You
aren't.  I just finished fixing this up in the entire kernel and now you
are trying to add a usage that is worst than most of the bugs I have
fixed.  I really don't appreciate having to deal with no bugs.



Further siginfo can be dropped.  Multiple signals with the same signal
number can be consolidated.  What is your plan for dealing with that?
Other code paths pair with wait to get the information out.  There
is no equivalent of wait in your code.

Signals can be delayed by quite a bit, scheduling delays etc.  They can
not provide any meaningful kind of real time notification.

So between delays and loss of information signals appear to be a very
poor fit for this usecase.

I am concerned about code that does not fit the usecase well because
such code winds up as code that no one cares about that must be
maintained indefinitely, because somewhere out there there is one use
that would break if the interface was removed.  This does not feel like
an interface people will want to use and maintain in proper working
order forever.

Ugh.  Your test case is even using signalfd.  So you don't even want
this signal to be delivered as a signal.

You add an interface that takes a pointer and you don't add a compat
interface.  See Oleg's point of just returning the signal number in the
return code.

Now I am wondering how well prctl works from a 32bit process on a 64bit
kernel.  At first glance it looks like it probably does not work.

Consistency with PDEATHSIG is not a good argument for anything.
PDEATHSIG at the present time is unusable in the real world by most
applications that want something like it.

So far I see an interface that even you don't want to use as designed,
that is implemented incorrectly.

The concern is real and deserves to be addressed.  I don't think signals
are the right way to handle it, and certainly not this patch as it
stands.

Eric


> diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/signal_compat.c b/arch/x86/kernel/signal_compat.c
> index 9ccbf05..a3deba8 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kernel/signal_compat.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/signal_compat.c
> @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ static inline void signal_compat_build_tests(void)
>  	BUILD_BUG_ON(NSIGSEGV != 7);
>  	BUILD_BUG_ON(NSIGBUS  != 5);
>  	BUILD_BUG_ON(NSIGTRAP != 5);
> -	BUILD_BUG_ON(NSIGCHLD != 6);
> +	BUILD_BUG_ON(NSIGCHLD != 7);
>  	BUILD_BUG_ON(NSIGSYS  != 1);
>  
>  	/* This is part of the ABI and can never change in size: */
> diff --git a/fs/coredump.c b/fs/coredump.c
> index e42e17e..f11e31f 100644
> --- a/fs/coredump.c
> +++ b/fs/coredump.c
> @@ -546,6 +546,7 @@ void do_coredump(const kernel_siginfo_t *siginfo)
>  	struct cred *cred;
>  	int retval = 0;
>  	int ispipe;
> +	bool notify;
>  	struct files_struct *displaced;
>  	/* require nonrelative corefile path and be extra careful */
>  	bool need_suid_safe = false;
> @@ -590,6 +591,15 @@ void do_coredump(const kernel_siginfo_t *siginfo)
>  	if (retval < 0)
>  		goto fail_creds;
>  
> +	/*
> +	 * Send the pre-coredump signal to the parent if requested.
> +	 */
> +	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
> +	notify = do_notify_parent_predump(current);
> +	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
> +	if (notify)
> +		cond_resched();
> +
>  	old_cred = override_creds(cred);
>  
>  	ispipe = format_corename(&cn, &cprm);
> diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
> index fc281b7..7714da7 100644
> --- a/fs/exec.c
> +++ b/fs/exec.c
> @@ -1181,6 +1181,9 @@ static int de_thread(struct task_struct *tsk)
>  	/* we have changed execution domain */
>  	tsk->exit_signal = SIGCHLD;
>  
> +	/* Clear the pre-coredump signal before loading a new binary */
> +	sig->predump_signal = 0;
> +
>  #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_TIMERS
>  	exit_itimers(sig);
>  	flush_itimer_signals();
> diff --git a/include/linux/sched/signal.h b/include/linux/sched/signal.h
> index 13789d1..047829d 100644
> --- a/include/linux/sched/signal.h
> +++ b/include/linux/sched/signal.h
> @@ -112,6 +112,9 @@ struct signal_struct {
>  	int			group_stop_count;
>  	unsigned int		flags; /* see SIGNAL_* flags below */
>  
> +	/* The signal sent prior to a child's coredump */
> +	int			predump_signal;
> +
>  	/*
>  	 * PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER marks a process, like a service
>  	 * manager, to re-parent orphan (double-forking) child processes
> @@ -332,6 +335,7 @@ extern int kill_pid_info_as_cred(int, struct kernel_siginfo *, struct pid *,
>  extern int kill_pgrp(struct pid *pid, int sig, int priv);
>  extern int kill_pid(struct pid *pid, int sig, int priv);
>  extern __must_check bool do_notify_parent(struct task_struct *, int);
> +extern bool do_notify_parent_predump(struct task_struct *p);
>  extern void __wake_up_parent(struct task_struct *p, struct task_struct *parent);
>  extern void force_sig(int, struct task_struct *);
>  extern int send_sig(int, struct task_struct *, int);
> diff --git a/include/linux/signal.h b/include/linux/signal.h
> index f428e86..6e1b2c9 100644
> --- a/include/linux/signal.h
> +++ b/include/linux/signal.h
> @@ -262,6 +262,11 @@ static inline int valid_signal(unsigned long sig)
>  	return sig <= _NSIG ? 1 : 0;
>  }
>  
> +static inline int valid_predump_signal(int sig)
> +{
> +	return (sig == SIGCHLD) || (sig == SIGUSR1) || (sig == SIGUSR2);
> +}
> +
>  struct timespec;
>  struct pt_regs;
>  enum pid_type;
> diff --git a/include/uapi/asm-generic/siginfo.h b/include/uapi/asm-generic/siginfo.h
> index cb3d6c2..1a47cef 100644
> --- a/include/uapi/asm-generic/siginfo.h
> +++ b/include/uapi/asm-generic/siginfo.h
> @@ -267,7 +267,8 @@ struct {				\
>  #define CLD_TRAPPED	4	/* traced child has trapped */
>  #define CLD_STOPPED	5	/* child has stopped */
>  #define CLD_CONTINUED	6	/* stopped child has continued */
> -#define NSIGCHLD	6
> +#define CLD_PREDUMP	7	/* child is about to dump core */
> +#define NSIGCHLD	7
>  
>  /*
>   * SIGPOLL (or any other signal without signal specific si_codes) si_codes
> diff --git a/kernel/signal.c b/kernel/signal.c
> index 9a32bc2..e4c154b 100644
> --- a/kernel/signal.c
> +++ b/kernel/signal.c
> @@ -1855,6 +1855,45 @@ bool do_notify_parent(struct task_struct *tsk, int sig)
>  	return autoreap;
>  }
>  
> +/*
> + * While do_notify_parent() notifies the parent of a child's death post
> + * its coredump, this function lets the parent (if so desired) know about
> + * the imminent death of a child just prior to its coredump.
> + *
> + * The caller must hold at least the read lock on tasklist_lock.
> + */
> +bool do_notify_parent_predump(struct task_struct *tsk)
> +{
> +	struct sighand_struct *sighand;
> +	struct kernel_siginfo info;
> +	struct task_struct *parent;
> +	unsigned long flags;
> +	pid_t pid;
> +	int sig;
> +
> +	parent = tsk->parent;
> +	sighand = parent->sighand;
> +	pid = task_tgid_vnr(tsk);
> +
> +	spin_lock_irqsave(&sighand->siglock, flags);
> +	sig = parent->signal->predump_signal;
> +	if (!valid_predump_signal(sig)) {
> +		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sighand->siglock, flags);
> +		return false;
> +	}
> +
> +	clear_siginfo(&info);
> +	info.si_pid = pid;
> +	info.si_signo = sig;
> +	if (sig == SIGCHLD)
> +		info.si_code = CLD_PREDUMP;



> +
> +	__group_send_sig_info(sig, &info, parent);
> +	__wake_up_parent(tsk, parent);
> +	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sighand->siglock, flags);
> +	return true;
> +}
> +
>  /**
>   * do_notify_parent_cldstop - notify parent of stopped/continued state change
>   * @tsk: task reporting the state change
> diff --git a/kernel/sys.c b/kernel/sys.c
> index 123bd73..8ed9a63 100644
> --- a/kernel/sys.c
> +++ b/kernel/sys.c
> @@ -2476,6 +2476,21 @@ int __weak arch_prctl_spec_ctrl_set(struct task_struct *t, unsigned long which,
>  			return -EINVAL;
>  		error = arch_prctl_spec_ctrl_set(me, arg2, arg3);
>  		break;
> +	case PR_SET_PREDUMP_SIG:
> +		if (arg3 || arg4 || arg5)
> +			return -EINVAL;
> +
> +		/* 0 is valid for disabling the feature */
> +		if (arg2 && !valid_predump_signal((int)arg2))
> +			return -EINVAL;
> +		me->signal->predump_signal = (int)arg2;
> +		break;
> +	case PR_GET_PREDUMP_SIG:
> +		if (arg3 || arg4 || arg5)
> +			return -EINVAL;
> +		error = put_user(me->signal->predump_signal,
> +				 (int __user *)arg2);
> +		break;
>  	default:
>  		error = -EINVAL;
>  		break;
> diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/prctl/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/prctl/Makefile
> index c7923b2..f8d60d5 100644
> --- a/tools/testing/selftests/prctl/Makefile
> +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/prctl/Makefile
> @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ARCH ?= $(shell echo $(uname_M) | sed -e s/i.86/x86/ -e s/x86_64/x86/)
>  
>  ifeq ($(ARCH),x86)
>  TEST_PROGS := disable-tsc-ctxt-sw-stress-test disable-tsc-on-off-stress-test \
> -		disable-tsc-test
> +		disable-tsc-test predump-sig-test
>  all: $(TEST_PROGS)
>  
>  include ../lib.mk
> diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/prctl/predump-sig-test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/prctl/predump-sig-test.c
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..57042f7
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/prctl/predump-sig-test.c
> @@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
> +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
> +/*
> + * Copyright (C) 2018, Enke Chen, Cisco Systems, Inc.
> + *
> + * Tests for prctl(PR_SET_PREDUMP_SIG, ...) / prctl(PR_GET_PREDUMP_SIG, ...)
> + *
> + * When set with prctl(), the specified signal is sent to the parent process
> + * prior to the coredump of a child process.
> + *
> + * Usage: ./predump-sig-test {SIGUSR1 | SIGUSR2 | SIGCHLD}
> + */
> +
> +#include <stdio.h>
> +#include <stdlib.h>
> +#include <string.h>
> +#include <unistd.h>
> +#include <sys/prctl.h>
> +#include <signal.h>
> +#include <sys/signalfd.h>
> +#include <errno.h>
> +
> +#ifndef PR_SET_PREDUMP_SIG
> +#define PR_SET_PREDUMP_SIG	54
> +#define PR_GET_PREDUMP_SIG	55
> +#endif
> +
> +#ifndef CLD_PREDUMP
> +#define CLD_PREDUMP	7	/* child is about to dump core */
> +#endif
> +
> +#define handle_error(msg) \
> +	do { perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while (0)
> +
> +static int test_prctl(int sig)
> +{
> +	int sig2, rc;
> +
> +	rc = prctl(PR_SET_PREDUMP_SIG, sig, 0, 0, 0);
> +	if (rc < 0)
> +		handle_error("prctl: setting");
> +
> +	rc = prctl(PR_GET_PREDUMP_SIG, &sig2, 0, 0, 0);
> +	if (rc < 0)
> +		handle_error("prctl: getting");
> +
> +	if (sig2 != sig) {
> +		printf("prctl: sig %d, post %d\n", sig, sig2);
> +		return -1;
> +	}
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int sigfd;
> +static int predump_signal;
> +
> +static int init_signalfd(void)
> +{
> +	sigset_t mask;
> +	int sfd;
> +
> +	sigemptyset(&mask);
> +	sigaddset(&mask, SIGCHLD);
> +	if (predump_signal && (predump_signal != SIGCHLD))
> +		sigaddset(&mask, predump_signal);
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Block signals so that they aren't handled according to their
> +	 * default dispositions.
> +	 */
> +	if (sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask, NULL) == -1)
> +		handle_error("sigprocmask");
> +
> +	sfd = signalfd(-1, &mask, SFD_CLOEXEC);
> +	if (sfd == -1)
> +		handle_error("signalfd");
> +
> +	return sfd;
> +}
> +
> +static void parent_func(pid_t child_pid)
> +{
> +	struct signalfd_siginfo si;
> +	int count = 0;
> +	ssize_t s;
> +
> +	for (;;) {
> +		s = read(sigfd, &si, sizeof(struct signalfd_siginfo));
> +		if (s != sizeof(struct signalfd_siginfo))
> +			handle_error("read");
> +
> +		count++;
> +		printf("\nReceived signal: ssi_pid %ld, ssi_signo %d\n",
> +		       si.ssi_pid, si.ssi_signo);
> +		printf("siginfo: ssi_errno %d, ssi_code %d, ssi_status %d\n",
> +		       si.ssi_errno, si.ssi_code, si.ssi_status);
> +
> +		if (si.ssi_signo == SIGCHLD) {
> +			if (si.ssi_code == CLD_PREDUMP)
> +				printf("predump signal\n");
> +			else
> +				break;
> +		} else if (si.ssi_signo == predump_signal)
> +			printf("predump signal\n");
> +	}
> +
> +	printf("Test result: %s\n", (count == 2) ? "PASS" : "FAIL");
> +	fflush(stdout);
> +}
> +
> +static void child_func(void)
> +{
> +	int rc, sig;
> +
> +	printf("\nChild pid: %ld\n", (long)getpid());
> +
> +	/* Test: Child should not inherit the predump_signal */
> +	rc = prctl(PR_GET_PREDUMP_SIG, &sig, 0, 0, 0);
> +	if (rc < 0)
> +		handle_error("prctl: child");
> +
> +	printf("child: predump_signal %d\n", sig);
> +
> +	/* Force coredump here */
> +	printf("child: calling abort()\n");
> +	fflush(stdout);
> +	abort();
> +}
> +
> +int main(int argc, char *argv[])
> +{
> +	pid_t child_pid;
> +	int rc;
> +
> +	if (argc != 2) {
> +		printf("invalid number of arguments\n");
> +		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
> +	}
> +
> +	if (strcmp(argv[1], "SIGUSR1") == 0)
> +		predump_signal = SIGUSR1;
> +	else if (strcmp(argv[1], "SIGUSR2") == 0)
> +		predump_signal = SIGUSR2;
> +	else if (strcmp(argv[1], "SIGCHLD") == 0)
> +		predump_signal = SIGCHLD;
> +	else {
> +		printf("invalid argument for signal\n");
> +		fflush(stdout);
> +		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
> +	}
> +
> +	/* Test: prctl() setting */
> +	rc = test_prctl(0);
> +	printf("prctl: sig %d %s\n", 0, (rc == 0) ? "PASS" : "FAIL");
> +	rc = test_prctl(predump_signal);
> +	printf("prctl: sig %d %s\n",
> +	       predump_signal, (rc == 0) ? "PASS" : "FAIL");
> +
> +	/* Init signalfd */
> +	sigfd = init_signalfd();
> +
> +	child_pid = fork();
> +	if (child_pid == -1)
> +		handle_error("fork");
> +
> +	if (child_pid == 0) {       /* Code executed by child */
> +		child_func();
> +	} else {                    /* Code executed by parent */
> +		parent_func(child_pid);
> +		exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
> +	}
> +}

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