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Date: Mon, 12 Oct 2020 12:16:06 +0200
From: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@...aro.org>
To: Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@...ia.fr>
Cc: Valentin Schneider <valentin.schneider@....com>,
Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>,
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@...hat.com>,
linux-kernel <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
Gilles Muller <Gilles.Muller@...ia.fr>
Subject: Re: SD_LOAD_BALANCE
Hi Julia,
On Sat, 10 Oct 2020 at 18:14, Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@...ia.fr> wrote:
>
> Hello,
>
> Previously, I was wondering about why starting in Linux v5.8 my unblocking
> threads were moving to different sockets more frequently than in previous
> releases. Now, I think that I have found the reason.
>
> The first issue is the change from runnable load average to load average
> in computing wake_affine_weight:
>
> ---
>
> commit 11f10e5420f6cecac7d4823638bff040c257aba9
> Author: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@...aro.org>
> Date: Fri Oct 18 15:26:36 2019 +0200
>
> sched/fair: Use load instead of runnable load in wakeup path
>
> Runnable load was originally introduced to take into account the case where
> blocked load biases the wake up path which may end to select an overloaded
> CPU with a large number of runnable tasks instead of an underutilized
> CPU with a huge blocked load.
>
> Tha wake up path now starts looking for idle CPUs before comparing
> runnable load and it's worth aligning the wake up path with the
> load_balance() logic.
>
> ---
>
> The unfortunate case is illustrated by the following trace (*** on the
> important lines):
>
> trace-cmd-8006 [118] 451.444751: sched_migrate_task: comm=containerd pid=2481 prio=120 orig_cpu=114 dest_cpu=118
> ua.B.x-8007 [105] 451.444752: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8007 [120] S ==> swapper/105:0 [120]
> trace-cmd-8006 [118] 451.444769: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8006 [120] S ==> containerd:2481 [120] ***
> containerd-2481 [118] 451.444859: sched_switch: containerd:2481 [120] S ==> swapper/118:0 [120] ***
> ua.B.x-8148 [016] 451.444910: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8148 [120] S ==> swapper/16:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8154 [127] 451.445186: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8154 [120] S ==> swapper/127:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8145 [047] 451.445199: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8145 [120] S ==> swapper/47:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8138 [147] 451.445200: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8138 [120] S ==> swapper/147:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8152 [032] 451.445210: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8152 [120] S ==> swapper/32:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8144 [067] 451.445215: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8144 [120] S ==> swapper/67:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8137 [000] 451.445219: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8137 [120] S ==> swapper/0:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8140 [075] 451.445225: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8140 [120] S ==> swapper/75:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8155 [084] 451.445229: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8155 [120] S ==> swapper/84:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8161 [155] 451.445232: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8161 [120] S ==> swapper/155:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8156 [095] 451.445261: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8156 [120] S ==> swapper/95:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8153 [134] 451.445268: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8153 [120] S ==> swapper/134:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8151 [154] 451.445268: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8151 [120] S ==> swapper/154:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8141 [107] 451.445273: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8141 [120] S ==> swapper/107:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8146 [131] 451.445275: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8146 [120] S ==> swapper/131:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8160 [035] 451.445286: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8160 [120] S ==> swapper/35:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8136 [088] 451.445286: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8136 [120] S ==> swapper/88:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8159 [056] 451.445290: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8159 [120] S ==> swapper/56:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8147 [036] 451.445294: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8147 [120] S ==> swapper/36:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8150 [150] 451.445298: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8150 [120] S ==> swapper/150:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8142 [159] 451.445300: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8142 [120] S ==> swapper/159:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8157 [058] 451.445309: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8157 [120] S ==> swapper/58:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8149 [123] 451.445311: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8149 [120] S ==> swapper/123:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8162 [156] 451.445313: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8162 [120] S ==> swapper/156:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8164 [019] 451.445317: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8164 [120] S ==> swapper/19:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8139 [068] 451.445319: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8139 [120] S ==> swapper/68:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8143 [126] 451.445335: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8143 [120] S ==> swapper/126:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8163 [062] 451.445361: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8163 [120] S ==> swapper/62:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8158 [129] 451.445371: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8158 [120] S ==> swapper/129:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8040 [043] 451.445413: sched_wake_idle_without_ipi: cpu=0
> ua.B.x-8165 [098] 451.445451: sched_switch: ua.B.x:8165 [120] S ==> swapper/98:0 [120]
> ua.B.x-8069 [009] 451.445622: sched_waking: comm=ua.B.x pid=8007 prio=120 target_cpu=105
> ua.B.x-8069 [009] 451.445635: sched_wake_idle_without_ipi: cpu=105
> ua.B.x-8069 [009] 451.445638: sched_wakeup: ua.B.x:8007 [120] success=1 CPU:105
> ua.B.x-8069 [009] 451.445639: sched_waking: comm=ua.B.x pid=8006 prio=120 target_cpu=118
> <idle>-0 [105] 451.445641: sched_switch: swapper/105:0 [120] R ==> ua.B.x:8007 [120]
> ua.B.x-8069 [009] 451.445645: bprint: select_task_rq_fair: wake_affine_weight2 returning this_cpu: 614400 < 2981888
> ua.B.x-8069 [009] 451.445650: sched_migrate_task: comm=ua.B.x pid=8006 prio=120 orig_cpu=118 dest_cpu=129 ***
>
> Basically, core 118 has run both a thread of the NAS UA benchmark and a
> containerd, and so it seems to have a higher load average than this_cpu, ie
> 9, when it wakes up. The commit says "The wake up path now starts looking
> for idle CPUs", but this is not always the case. Here the target and prev
Yes, cross node use cases are not considered because it's not only
about load but also numa in such case
> are not on the same socket, and in that case cpus_share_cache(prev, target)
> fails and there is no check as to whether prev is idle. The result is that
> an idle core is left idle and the thread is migrated to another socket,
> perhaps impacting locality.
>
> Prior to v5.8 on my machine this was a rare event, because there were not
> many of these background processes. But in v5.8, the default governor for
> Intel machines without the HWP feature was changed from intel_pstate to
> intel_cpufreq. The use of intel_cpufreq triggers very frequent kworkers on
> all cores, which makes it much more likely that cores that are currently
> idle, and are overall not at all overloaded, will have a higher load
> average even with the waking thread deducted, than the core managing the
> wakeup of the threads.
>
> Would it be useful to always check whether prev is idle, perhaps in
> wake_affine_idle or perhaps in select_idle_sibling?
Yes, that would make sense to add a condition in wake_affine_idle to
return prev if this cpu is not idle (or about to become idle)
>
> Traces from various versions are available at
> https://pages.lip6.fr/Julia.Lawall/uas.pdf. 5.8 and 5.9-rc7 are toward the
> end of the file. In these versions, all the threads systematically move
> around at synchronization points in the program.
>
> thanks,
> julia
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