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Message-ID: <s5hfsyhh97t.wl-tiwai@suse.de>
Date: Thu, 20 May 2021 14:37:42 +0200
From: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@...e.de>
To: Colin Ian King <colin.king@...onical.com>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@...e.com>, Jaroslav Kysela <perex@...ex.cz>,
alsa-devel@...a-project.org,
"linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org" <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: ALSA: usb-audio: Handle error for the current selector gracefully [ uninitialized variable issue ]
On Thu, 20 May 2021 10:58:21 +0200,
Colin Ian King wrote:
>
> Hi,
>
> Static analysis with Coverity on linux-next has detected an
> uninitialized variable issue with the following commit:
>
> commit 481f17c41803985446fd12887b2c042f9c43b0d5
> Author: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@...e.de>
> Date: Tue May 18 17:21:12 2021 +0200
>
> ALSA: usb-audio: Handle error for the current selector gracefully
>
> The branching is a bit convoluted and we end up with variable cur not
> being initialized. Analysis is as follows:
>
> 254static int __uac_clock_find_source(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
> 255 const struct audioformat *fmt, int
> entity_id,
> 256 unsigned long *visited, bool validate)
> 257{
> 258 union uac23_clock_source_desc *source;
> 259 union uac23_clock_selector_desc *selector;
> 260 union uac23_clock_multiplier_desc *multiplier;
>
> 1. var_decl: Declaring variable cur without initializer.
>
> 261 int ret, i, cur, err, pins, clock_id;
> 262 const u8 *sources;
> 263 int proto = fmt->protocol;
> 264
> 265 entity_id &= 0xff;
> 266
>
> 2. Condition test_and_set_bit(entity_id, visited), taking false
> branch.
>
> 267 if (test_and_set_bit(entity_id, visited)) {
> 268 usb_audio_warn(chip,
> 269 "%s(): recursive clock topology detected, id
> %d.\n",
> 270 __func__, entity_id);
> 271 return -EINVAL;
> 272 }
> 273
> 274 /* first, see if the ID we're looking for is a clock source
> already */
> 275 source = snd_usb_find_clock_source(chip, entity_id, proto);
>
> 3. Condition source, taking false branch.
>
> 276 if (source) {
> 277 entity_id = GET_VAL(source, proto, bClockID);
> 278 if (validate && !uac_clock_source_is_valid(chip, fmt,
> 279
> entity_id)) {
> 280 usb_audio_err(chip,
> 281 "clock source %d is not valid, cannot
> use\n",
> 282 entity_id);
> 283 return -ENXIO;
> 284 }
> 285 return entity_id;
> 286 }
> 287
> 288 selector = snd_usb_find_clock_selector(chip, entity_id, proto);
>
> 4. Condition selector, taking true branch.
> 289 if (selector) {
> 5. Condition proto == 48, taking true branch.
> 290 pins = GET_VAL(selector, proto, bNrInPins);
> 6. Condition proto == 48, taking true branch.
> 291 clock_id = GET_VAL(selector, proto, bClockID);
> 7. Condition proto == 48, taking true branch.
> 292 sources = GET_VAL(selector, proto, baCSourceID);
> 293
> 8. Condition pins == 1, taking false branch.
>
> 294 if (pins == 1) {
> 295 ret = 1;
> 296 goto find_source;
> 297 }
> 298
> 299 /* the entity ID we are looking for is a selector.
> 300 * find out what it currently selects */
> 301 ret = uac_clock_selector_get_val(chip, clock_id);
>
> 9. Condition ret < 0, taking true branch.
>
> 302 if (ret < 0) {
>
> 10. Condition !chip->autoclock, taking false branch.
>
> 303 if (!chip->autoclock)
> 304 return ret;
>
> 11. Jumping to label find_others.
>
> 305 goto find_others;
> 306 }
> 307
> 308 /* Selector values are one-based */
> 309
> 310 if (ret > pins || ret < 1) {
> 311 usb_audio_err(chip,
> 312 "%s(): selector reported illegal
> value, id %d, ret %d\n",
> 313 __func__, clock_id, ret);
> 314
> 315 if (!chip->autoclock)
> 316 return -EINVAL;
> 317 ret = 0;
> 318 goto find_others;
> 319 }
> 320
> 321 find_source:
> 322 cur = ret;
> 323 ret = __uac_clock_find_source(chip, fmt,
> 324 sources[ret - 1],
> 325 visited, validate);
> 326 if (ret > 0) {
> 327 err = uac_clock_selector_set_val(chip,
> entity_id, cur);
> 328 if (err < 0)
> 329 return err;
> 330 }
> 331
> 332 if (!validate || ret > 0 || !chip->autoclock)
> 333 return ret;
> 334
> 335 find_others:
> 336 /* The current clock source is invalid, try others. */
> 12. Condition i <= pins, taking true branch.
> 337 for (i = 1; i <= pins; i++) {
>
> Uninitialized scalar variable (UNINIT)
>
> 13. uninit_use: Using uninitialized value cur.
>
> 338 if (i == cur)
> 339 continue;
> 340
Thanks, it looks indeed like a possible scenario.
The fix patch is below.
Takashi
-- 8< --
From: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@...e.de>
Subject: [PATCH] ALSA: usb-audio: Fix uninitialized variable at
__uac_clock_find_source()
The cur variable indicating the currently selected clock source can be
theoretically used as uninitialized after the recent commit
481f17c41803 ("ALSA: usb-audio: Handle error for the current selector
gracefully"). For addressing it, initialize it before use.
Also, one place seems setting 0 to a wrong variable ret, instead of
cur; otherwise it makes little sense. Since the initialization is
done beforehand, we can get rid of this line, too.
Fixes: 481f17c41803 ("ALSA: usb-audio: Handle error for the current selector gracefully")
Reported-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@...onical.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/4b261d68-f53f-240d-2d8a-2f88b337849d@canonical.com
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@...e.de>
---
sound/usb/clock.c | 2 +-
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
diff --git a/sound/usb/clock.c b/sound/usb/clock.c
index 772478c725c2..0afae839d295 100644
--- a/sound/usb/clock.c
+++ b/sound/usb/clock.c
@@ -290,6 +290,7 @@ static int __uac_clock_find_source(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
pins = GET_VAL(selector, proto, bNrInPins);
clock_id = GET_VAL(selector, proto, bClockID);
sources = GET_VAL(selector, proto, baCSourceID);
+ cur = 0;
if (pins == 1) {
ret = 1;
@@ -314,7 +315,6 @@ static int __uac_clock_find_source(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
if (!chip->autoclock)
return -EINVAL;
- ret = 0;
goto find_others;
}
--
2.26.2
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