linux-kernel - RE: [PATCHv4 11/30] x86/tdx: Handle in-kernel MMIO

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Date:   Fri, 25 Feb 2022 02:23:27 +0000
From:   David Laight <David.Laight@...LAB.COM>
To:     'Dave Hansen' <dave.hansen@...el.com>,
        "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@...ux.intel.com>,
        "tglx@...utronix.de" <tglx@...utronix.de>,
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        "peterz@...radead.org" <peterz@...radead.org>
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        <sathyanarayanan.kuppuswamy@...ux.intel.com>,
        "aarcange@...hat.com" <aarcange@...hat.com>,
        "ak@...ux.intel.com" <ak@...ux.intel.com>,
        "dan.j.williams@...el.com" <dan.j.williams@...el.com>,
        "david@...hat.com" <david@...hat.com>,
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Subject: RE: [PATCHv4 11/30] x86/tdx: Handle in-kernel MMIO

From: Dave Hansen
> Sent: 24 February 2022 20:12
...
> === Limitations of this approach ===
> 
> > MMIO addresses can be used with any CPU instruction that accesses
> > memory. Address only MMIO accesses done via io.h helpers, such as
> > 'readl()' or 'writeq()'.
> 
> Any CPU instruction that accesses memory can also be used to access
> MMIO.  However, by convention, MMIO access are typically performed via
> io.h helpers such as 'readl()' or 'writeq()'.
> 
> > readX()/writeX() helpers limit the range of instructions which can trigger
> > MMIO. It makes MMIO instruction emulation feasible. Raw access to a MMIO
> > region allows the compiler to generate whatever instruction it wants.
> > Supporting all possible instructions is a task of a different scope.
> 
> The io.h helpers intentionally use a limited set of instructions when
> accessing MMIO.  This known, limited set of instructions makes MMIO
> instruction decoding and emulation feasible in KVM hosts and SEV guests
> today.
> 
> MMIO accesses are performed without the io.h helpers are at the mercy of
> the compiler.  Compilers can and will generate a much more broad set of
> instructions which can not practically be decoded and emulated.  TDX
> guests will oops if they encounter one of these decoding failures.
> 
> This means that TDX guests *must* use the io.h helpers to access MMIO.
> 
> This requirement is not new.  Both KVM hosts and AMD SEV guests have the
> same limitations on MMIO access.

Am I reading the last sentence correctly?
Normally (on x86 at least) a driver can mmap() PCIe addresses directly
into a user process.
This lets a user process directly issue PCIe read/write bus cycles.
These can be any instructions at all.
I don't think we've had any issues doing that in normal VMs.

Or is this emulation only applying to specific PCIe slaves?

	David

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