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Date: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 00:15:32 +0200
From: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@...e.cz>
To: Zi Yan <ziy@...dia.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org>,
LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
Mel Gorman <mgorman@...hsingularity.net>,
David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>,
Mike Rapoport <rppt@...ux.ibm.com>,
Oscar Salvador <osalvador@...e.de>,
Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
Linux-MM <linux-mm@...ck.org>
Subject: Re: [BUG] Crash on x86_32 for: mm: page_alloc: avoid merging
non-fallbackable pageblocks with others
On 3/31/22 00:03, Zi Yan wrote:
> On 30 Mar 2022, at 17:43, Vlastimil Babka wrote:
>
>> On 3/30/22 22:05, Linus Torvalds wrote:
>>> On Wed, Mar 30, 2022 at 12:42 PM Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org> wrote:
>>>>
>>>> I started testing new patches and it crashed when doing the x86-32 test on
>>>> boot up.
>>>>
>>>> Initializing HighMem for node 0 (000375fe:0021ee00)
>>>> BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 00000878
>>>> #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
>>>> #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
>>>> *pdpt = 0000000000000000 *pde = f0000000f000eef3
>>>> Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP PTI
>>>> CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 5.17.0-test+ #469
>>>> Hardware name: MSI MS-7823/CSM-H87M-G43 (MS-7823), BIOS V1.6 02/22/2014
>>>> EIP: get_pfnblock_flags_mask+0x2c/0x36
>>>> Code: 6d ea ff 55 89 e5 56 89 ce 53 8b 18 89 d8 c1 eb 1e e8 f7 fb ff ff 69 db c0 02 00 00 89 c1 89 c2 c1 ea 05 8b 83 7c d7 79 c1 5b <8b> 04 90 d3 e8 21 f0 5e 5d c3 55 89 e5 57 56 89 d6 53 89 c3 64 a1
>>>
>>> The whole function is in that Code: thing, and it decodes to:
>>>
>>> 0: 55 push %ebp
>>> 1: 89 e5 mov %esp,%ebp
>>> 3: 56 push %esi
>>> 4: 89 ce mov %ecx,%esi
>>> 6: 53 push %ebx
>>> 7: 8b 18 mov (%eax),%ebx
>>> 9: 89 d8 mov %ebx,%eax
>>> b: c1 eb 1e shr $0x1e,%ebx
>>> e: e8 f7 fb ff ff call 0xfffffc0a
>>> 13: 69 db c0 02 00 00 imul $0x2c0,%ebx,%ebx
>>> 19: 89 c1 mov %eax,%ecx
>>> 1b: 89 c2 mov %eax,%edx
>>> 1d: c1 ea 05 shr $0x5,%edx
>>> 20: 8b 83 7c d7 79 c1 mov -0x3e862884(%ebx),%eax
>>> 26: 5b pop %ebx
>>> 27:* 8b 04 90 mov (%eax,%edx,4),%eax <-- trapping instruction
>>> 2a: d3 e8 shr %cl,%eax
>>> 2c: 21 f0 and %esi,%eax
>>> 2e: 5e pop %esi
>>> 2f: 5d pop %ebp
>>> 30: c3 ret
>>>
>>> with '%eax' being NULL, and %edx being 0x21e.
>>>
>>> (The call seems to be to 'pfn_to_bitidx().isra.0' if my compiler does
>>> similar code generation, so it's out-of-lined part of pfn_to_bitidx()
>>> despite being marked inline)
>>>
>>> So that oops is that
>>>
>>> word = bitmap[word_bitidx];
>>>
>>> line, with 'bitmap' being NULL (and %edx contains 'word_bitidx').
>>>
>>> Looking around, your 'config-bad' doesn't even have
>>> CONFIG_MEMORY_ISOLATION enabled, and so I suspect the culprit is this
>>> part of the change:
>>>
>>> - if (unlikely(has_isolate_pageblock(zone))) {
>>>
>>> which used to always be false for that config, and now the code is
>>> suddenly enabled.
>>
>> If CONFIG_MEMORY_ISOLATION was enabled then the zone layout would be the
>> same, so I think it's not simply that. I think it's the timing -
>> has_isolate_pageblock(zone) would only be possible to become true later
>> in runtime when some isolation is ongoing, but here it seems we are
>> still in the early boot. Probably at a boundary of highmem with another
>> zone that doesn't have the pageblock bitmap yet initialized? While later
>> it would have, and all would be fine.
>
> It seems so based on the boot log from Steven.
>
>>
>> As Zi Yan said, the usual merging code will, through page_is_buddy()
>> find safely enough the buddy is not applicable, so I agree with his
>> patch direction. Seems this also shows the code tried to become too
>> smart and for the next merge window we should try just move the
>> migratetype checks into the main while loop (under something like "if
>> (order >= max_order)") and simplify the function a lot, hopefully with
>> negligible perf impact.
>
> Something like this?
Exactly (with some nits).
> diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
> index 6c6af8658775..568ecaf5700d 100644
> --- a/mm/page_alloc.c
> +++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
> @@ -1053,7 +1053,6 @@ static inline void __free_one_page(struct page *page,
> int migratetype, fpi_t fpi_flags)
> {
> struct capture_control *capc = task_capc(zone);
> - unsigned int max_order = pageblock_order;
> unsigned long buddy_pfn;
> unsigned long combined_pfn;
> struct page *buddy;
> @@ -1069,8 +1068,7 @@ static inline void __free_one_page(struct page *page,
> VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(pfn & ((1 << order) - 1), page);
> VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(bad_range(zone, page), page);
>
> -continue_merging:
> - while (order < max_order) {
> + while (order < MAX_ORDER - 1) {
> if (compaction_capture(capc, page, order, migratetype)) {
> __mod_zone_freepage_state(zone, -(1 << order),
> migratetype);
> @@ -1081,6 +1079,27 @@ static inline void __free_one_page(struct page *page,
>
> if (!page_is_buddy(page, buddy, order))
> goto done_merging;
> +
> + if (order >= pageblock_order) {
Would use unlikely() here.
> + /* If we are here, it means order is >= pageblock_order.
Can drop this like as it became quite obvious now :)
> + * We want to prevent merge between freepages on pageblock
> + * without fallbacks and normal pageblock. Without this,
> + * pageblock isolation could cause incorrect freepage or CMA
> + * accounting or HIGHATOMIC accounting.
> + *
> + * We don't want to hit this code for the more frequent
> + * low-order merging.
The last two lines should be also dropped now.
> + */
> + int buddy_mt;
> +
> + buddy_mt = get_pageblock_migratetype(buddy);
Can be now single line.
> +
> + if (migratetype != buddy_mt
> + && (!migratetype_is_mergeable(migratetype) ||
> + !migratetype_is_mergeable(buddy_mt)))
> + goto done_merging;
> + }
> +
> /*
> * Our buddy is free or it is CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC guard page,
> * merge with it and move up one order.
> @@ -1094,32 +1113,6 @@ static inline void __free_one_page(struct page *page,
> pfn = combined_pfn;
> order++;
> }
> - if (order < MAX_ORDER - 1) {
> - /* If we are here, it means order is >= pageblock_order.
> - * We want to prevent merge between freepages on pageblock
> - * without fallbacks and normal pageblock. Without this,
> - * pageblock isolation could cause incorrect freepage or CMA
> - * accounting or HIGHATOMIC accounting.
> - *
> - * We don't want to hit this code for the more frequent
> - * low-order merging.
> - */
> - int buddy_mt;
> -
> - buddy_pfn = __find_buddy_pfn(pfn, order);
> - buddy = page + (buddy_pfn - pfn);
> -
> - if (!page_is_buddy(page, buddy, order))
> - goto done_merging;
> - buddy_mt = get_pageblock_migratetype(buddy);
> -
> - if (migratetype != buddy_mt
> - && (!migratetype_is_mergeable(migratetype) ||
> - !migratetype_is_mergeable(buddy_mt)))
> - goto done_merging;
> - max_order = order + 1;
> - goto continue_merging;
> - }
>
> done_merging:
> set_buddy_order(page, order);
>
> --
> Best Regards,
> Yan, Zi
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