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Date: Tue, 27 Sep 2022 17:51:19 +0000
From: Nadav Amit <namit@...are.com>
To: Chih-En Lin <shiyn.lin@...il.com>
CC: Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@...edance.com>,
David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>,
Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>,
Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@...roup.eu>,
"linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org" <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
"linux-mm@...ck.org" <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@...nel.org>,
Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>,
Iurii Zaikin <yzaikin@...gle.com>,
Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@...e.cz>,
William Kucharski <william.kucharski@...cle.com>,
"Kirill A . Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@...ux.intel.com>,
Peter Xu <peterx@...hat.com>,
Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@...gle.com>,
Arnd Bergmann <arnd@...db.de>,
Tong Tiangen <tongtiangen@...wei.com>,
Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@...een.com>,
Li kunyu <kunyu@...china.com>,
Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@....com>,
Minchan Kim <minchan@...nel.org>,
Yang Shi <shy828301@...il.com>, Song Liu <song@...nel.org>,
Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@...wei.com>,
Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@...utronix.de>,
Andy Lutomirski <luto@...nel.org>,
Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@...el.com>,
Dinglan Peng <peng301@...due.edu>,
Pedro Fonseca <pfonseca@...due.edu>,
Jim Huang <jserv@...s.ncku.edu.tw>,
Huichun Feng <foxhoundsk.tw@...il.com>
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH v2 4/9] mm: Add COW PTE fallback functions
On Sep 27, 2022, at 9:29 AM, Chih-En Lin <shiyn.lin@...il.com> wrote:
> The lifetime of COWed PTE table will handle by a reference count.
> When the process wants to write the COWed PTE table, which refcount
> is 1, it will reuse the shared PTE.
>
> Since only the owner will update their page table state. the fallback
> function also needs to handle the situation of non-owner COWed PTE table
> fallback to normal PTE.
>
> This commit prepares for the following implementation of the reference
> count for COW PTE.
>
> Signed-off-by: Chih-En Lin <shiyn.lin@...il.com>
> ---
> include/linux/pgtable.h | 3 ++
> mm/memory.c | 93 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> 2 files changed, 96 insertions(+)
>
> diff --git a/include/linux/pgtable.h b/include/linux/pgtable.h
> index 9dca787a3f4dd..25c1e5c42fdf3 100644
> --- a/include/linux/pgtable.h
> +++ b/include/linux/pgtable.h
> @@ -615,6 +615,9 @@ static inline int pte_unused(pte_t pte)
> }
> #endif
>
> +void cow_pte_fallback(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
> + unsigned long addr);
> +
> static inline void set_cow_pte_owner(pmd_t *pmd, pmd_t *owner)
> {
> smp_store_release(&pmd_page(*pmd)->cow_pte_owner, owner);
> diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
> index 4ba73f5aa8bb7..d29f84801f3cd 100644
> --- a/mm/memory.c
> +++ b/mm/memory.c
> @@ -509,6 +509,37 @@ static inline void add_mm_rss_vec(struct mm_struct *mm, int *rss)
> add_mm_counter(mm, i, rss[i]);
> }
>
> +static void cow_pte_rss(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> + pmd_t *pmdp, unsigned long addr,
> + unsigned long end, bool inc_dec)
> +{
> + int rss[NR_MM_COUNTERS];
> + spinlock_t *ptl;
> + pte_t *orig_ptep, *ptep;
> + struct page *page;
> +
> + init_rss_vec(rss);
> +
> + ptep = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmdp, addr, &ptl);
> + orig_ptep = ptep;
> + arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
> + do {
> + if (pte_none(*ptep))
> + continue;
> +
> + page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, *ptep);
> + if (page) {
> + if (inc_dec)
> + rss[mm_counter(page)]++;
> + else
> + rss[mm_counter(page)]--;
> + }
> + } while (ptep++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end);
> + arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
> + pte_unmap_unlock(orig_ptep, ptl);
It seems to me very fragile to separate the accounting from the actual
operation. I do not see copying of the pages here, so why is the RSS
updated?
> + add_mm_rss_vec(mm, rss);
> +}
> +
> /*
> * This function is called to print an error when a bad pte
> * is found. For example, we might have a PFN-mapped pte in
> @@ -2817,6 +2848,68 @@ int apply_to_existing_page_range(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
> }
> EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(apply_to_existing_page_range);
>
> +/**
> + * cow_pte_fallback - reuse the shared PTE table
> + * @vma: vma that coever the shared PTE table
> + * @pmd: pmd index maps to the shared PTE table
> + * @addr: the address trigger the break COW,
> + *
> + * Reuse the shared (COW) PTE table when the refcount is equal to one.
> + * @addr needs to be in the range of the shared PTE table that @vma and
> + * @pmd mapped to it.
> + *
> + * COW PTE fallback to normal PTE:
> + * - two state here
> + * - After break child : [parent, rss=1, ref=1, write=NO , owner=parent]
> + * to [parent, rss=1, ref=1, write=YES, owner=NULL ]
> + * - After break parent: [child , rss=0, ref=1, write=NO , owner=NULL ]
> + * to [child , rss=1, ref=1, write=YES, owner=NULL ]
> + */
> +void cow_pte_fallback(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
> + unsigned long addr)
> +{
> + struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
> + struct vm_area_struct *prev = vma->vm_prev;
> + struct vm_area_struct *next = vma->vm_next;
> + unsigned long start, end;
> + pmd_t new;
> +
> + VM_WARN_ON(pmd_write(*pmd));
> +
> + start = addr & PMD_MASK;
> + end = (addr + PMD_SIZE) & PMD_MASK;
> +
> + /*
> + * If pmd is not owner, it needs to increase the rss.
> + * Since only the owner has the RSS state for the COW PTE.
> + */
> + if (!cow_pte_owner_is_same(pmd, pmd)) {
> + /* The part of address range is covered by previous. */
> + if (start < vma->vm_start && prev && start < prev->vm_end) {
> + cow_pte_rss(mm, prev, pmd,
> + start, prev->vm_end, true /* inc */);
> + start = vma->vm_start;
> + }
> + /* The part of address range is covered by next. */
> + if (end > vma->vm_end && next && end > next->vm_start) {
> + cow_pte_rss(mm, next, pmd,
> + next->vm_start, end, true /* inc */);
> + end = vma->vm_end;
> + }
> + cow_pte_rss(mm, vma, pmd, start, end, true /* inc */);
> +
> + mm_inc_nr_ptes(mm);
> + /* Memory barrier here is the same as pmd_install(). */
> + smp_wmb();
> + pmd_populate(mm, pmd, pmd_page(*pmd));
> + }
> +
> + /* Reuse the pte page */
> + set_cow_pte_owner(pmd, NULL);
> + new = pmd_mkwrite(*pmd);
> + set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmd, new);
> +}
Again, kind of hard to understand such a function without a context
(caller). For instance, is there any lock that prevents
cow_pte_owner_is_same() from racing with change of the owner?
I would expect to see first patches that always copy the PTEs without
reusing the PTEs and only then a PTE reuse logic as an optimization.
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