Date:   Tue, 7 Mar 2023 17:19:37 -0800
From:   Reiji Watanabe <reijiw@...gle.com>
To:     Raghavendra Rao Ananta <rananta@...gle.com>
Cc:     Oliver Upton <oupton@...gle.com>, Marc Zyngier <maz@...nel.org>,
        Ricardo Koller <ricarkol@...gle.com>,
        James Morse <james.morse@....com>,
        Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@....com>,
        Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@...hat.com>,
        Jing Zhang <jingzhangos@...gle.com>,
        Colton Lewis <coltonlewis@...gle.com>,
        linux-arm-kernel@...ts.infradead.org, kvmarm@...ts.linux.dev,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, kvm@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [REPOST PATCH 12/16] selftests: KVM: aarch64: Test PMU
 overflow/IRQ functionality

On Mon, Mar 6, 2023 at 10:09 PM Reiji Watanabe <reijiw@...gle.com> wrote:
>
> Hi Raghu,
>
> On Tue, Feb 14, 2023 at 5:07 PM Raghavendra Rao Ananta
> <rananta@...gle.com> wrote:
> >
> > Extend the vCPU migration test to also validate the vPMU's
> > functionality when set up for overflow conditions.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Raghavendra Rao Ananta <rananta@...gle.com>
> > ---
> >  .../testing/selftests/kvm/aarch64/vpmu_test.c | 223 ++++++++++++++++--
> >  1 file changed, 198 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/aarch64/vpmu_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/aarch64/vpmu_test.c
> > index 0c9d801f4e602..066dc17fa3906 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/aarch64/vpmu_test.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/aarch64/vpmu_test.c
> > @@ -21,7 +21,9 @@
> >   *
> >   * 4. Since the PMU registers are per-cpu, stress KVM by frequently
> >   * migrating the guest vCPU to random pCPUs in the system, and check
> > - * if the vPMU is still behaving as expected.
> > + * if the vPMU is still behaving as expected. The sub-tests include
> > + * testing basic functionalities such as basic counters behavior,
> > + * overflow, and overflow interrupts.
> >   *
> >   * Copyright (c) 2022 Google LLC.
> >   *
> > @@ -41,13 +43,27 @@
> >  #include <sys/sysinfo.h>
> >
> >  #include "delay.h"
> > +#include "gic.h"
> > +#include "spinlock.h"
> >
> >  /* The max number of the PMU event counters (excluding the cycle counter) */
> >  #define ARMV8_PMU_MAX_GENERAL_COUNTERS (ARMV8_PMU_MAX_COUNTERS - 1)
> >
> > +/* The cycle counter bit position that's common among the PMU registers */
> > +#define ARMV8_PMU_CYCLE_COUNTER_IDX    31
> > +
> >  /* The max number of event numbers that's supported */
> >  #define ARMV8_PMU_MAX_EVENTS           64
> >
> > +#define PMU_IRQ                                23
> > +
> > +#define COUNT_TO_OVERFLOW      0xFULL
> > +#define PRE_OVERFLOW_32                (GENMASK(31, 0) - COUNT_TO_OVERFLOW + 1)
> > +#define PRE_OVERFLOW_64                (GENMASK(63, 0) - COUNT_TO_OVERFLOW + 1)

Reset values of PMCR_EL0.LP and PMCR_EL0.LC are UNKNOWN.
As the test seems to expect a 64-bit overflow on the cycle counter
and a 32-bit overflow on the other counters, the guest code should
explicitly clear PMCR_EL0.LP and set PMCR_EL0.LC, before the test.

Thanks,
Reiji


> > +
> > +#define GICD_BASE_GPA  0x8000000ULL
> > +#define GICR_BASE_GPA  0x80A0000ULL
> > +
> >  #define msecs_to_usecs(msec)           ((msec) * 1000LL)
> >
> >  /*
> > @@ -162,6 +178,17 @@ static inline void write_sel_evtyper(int sel, unsigned long val)
> >         isb();
> >  }
> >
> > +static inline void write_pmovsclr(unsigned long val)
> > +{
> > +       write_sysreg(val, pmovsclr_el0);
> > +       isb();
> > +}
> > +
> > +static unsigned long read_pmovsclr(void)
> > +{
> > +       return read_sysreg(pmovsclr_el0);
> > +}
> > +
> >  static inline void enable_counter(int idx)
> >  {
> >         uint64_t v = read_sysreg(pmcntenset_el0);
> > @@ -178,11 +205,33 @@ static inline void disable_counter(int idx)
> >         isb();
> >  }
> >
> > +static inline void enable_irq(int idx)
> > +{
> > +       uint64_t v = read_sysreg(pmcntenset_el0);
> > +
> > +       write_sysreg(BIT(idx) | v, pmintenset_el1);
> > +       isb();
> > +}
> > +
> > +static inline void disable_irq(int idx)
> > +{
> > +       uint64_t v = read_sysreg(pmcntenset_el0);
> > +
> > +       write_sysreg(BIT(idx) | v, pmintenclr_el1);
> > +       isb();
> > +}
> > +
> >  static inline uint64_t read_cycle_counter(void)
> >  {
> >         return read_sysreg(pmccntr_el0);
> >  }
> >
> > +static inline void write_cycle_counter(uint64_t v)
> > +{
> > +       write_sysreg(v, pmccntr_el0);
> > +       isb();
> > +}
> > +
> >  static inline void reset_cycle_counter(void)
> >  {
> >         uint64_t v = read_sysreg(pmcr_el0);
> > @@ -289,6 +338,15 @@ struct guest_data {
> >
> >  static struct guest_data guest_data;
> >
> > +/* Data to communicate among guest threads */
> > +struct guest_irq_data {
> > +       uint32_t pmc_idx_bmap;
> > +       uint32_t irq_received_bmap;
> > +       struct spinlock lock;
> > +};
> > +
> > +static struct guest_irq_data guest_irq_data;
> > +
> >  #define VCPU_MIGRATIONS_TEST_ITERS_DEF         1000
> >  #define VCPU_MIGRATIONS_TEST_MIGRATION_FREQ_MS 2
> >
> > @@ -322,6 +380,79 @@ static void guest_sync_handler(struct ex_regs *regs)
> >         expected_ec = INVALID_EC;
> >  }
> >
> > +static void guest_validate_irq(int pmc_idx, uint32_t pmovsclr, uint32_t pmc_idx_bmap)
>
> Can you please add a comment about what is pmc_idx_bmap ?
>
>
> > +{
> > +       /*
> > +        * Fail if there's an interrupt from unexpected PMCs.
> > +        * All the expected events' IRQs may not arrive at the same time.
> > +        * Hence, check if the interrupt is valid only if it's expected.
> > +        */
> > +       if (pmovsclr & BIT(pmc_idx)) {
> > +               GUEST_ASSERT_3(pmc_idx_bmap & BIT(pmc_idx), pmc_idx, pmovsclr, pmc_idx_bmap);
> > +               write_pmovsclr(BIT(pmc_idx));
> > +       }
> > +}
> > +
> > +static void guest_irq_handler(struct ex_regs *regs)
> > +{
> > +       uint32_t pmc_idx_bmap;
> > +       uint64_t i, pmcr_n = get_pmcr_n();
> > +       uint32_t pmovsclr = read_pmovsclr();
> > +       unsigned int intid = gic_get_and_ack_irq();
> > +
> > +       /* No other IRQ apart from the PMU IRQ is expected */
> > +       GUEST_ASSERT_1(intid == PMU_IRQ, intid);
> > +
> > +       spin_lock(&guest_irq_data.lock);
>
> Could you explain why this lock is required in this patch ??
> If this is used to serialize the interrupt context code and
> the normal (non-interrupt) context code, you might want to
> disable the IRQ ?  Using the spin lock won't work well for
> that if the interrupt handler is invoked while the normal
> context code grabs the lock.
> Having said that, since execute_precise_instrs() disables the PMU
>  via PMCR, and does isb after that, I don't think the overflow
> interrupt is delivered while the normal context code is in
> pmu_irq_*() anyway.
>
> > +       pmc_idx_bmap = READ_ONCE(guest_irq_data.pmc_idx_bmap);
> > +
> > +       for (i = 0; i < pmcr_n; i++)
> > +               guest_validate_irq(i, pmovsclr, pmc_idx_bmap);
> > +       guest_validate_irq(ARMV8_PMU_CYCLE_COUNTER_IDX, pmovsclr, pmc_idx_bmap);
> > +
> > +       /* Mark IRQ as recived for the corresponding PMCs */
> > +       WRITE_ONCE(guest_irq_data.irq_received_bmap, pmovsclr);
> > +       spin_unlock(&guest_irq_data.lock);
> > +
> > +       gic_set_eoi(intid);
> > +}
> > +
> > +static int pmu_irq_received(int pmc_idx)
> > +{
> > +       bool irq_received;
> > +
> > +       spin_lock(&guest_irq_data.lock);
> > +       irq_received = READ_ONCE(guest_irq_data.irq_received_bmap) & BIT(pmc_idx);
> > +       WRITE_ONCE(guest_irq_data.irq_received_bmap, guest_irq_data.pmc_idx_bmap & ~BIT(pmc_idx));
> > +       spin_unlock(&guest_irq_data.lock);
> > +
> > +       return irq_received;
> > +}
> > +
> > +static void pmu_irq_init(int pmc_idx)
> > +{
> > +       write_pmovsclr(BIT(pmc_idx));
> > +
> > +       spin_lock(&guest_irq_data.lock);
> > +       WRITE_ONCE(guest_irq_data.irq_received_bmap, guest_irq_data.pmc_idx_bmap & ~BIT(pmc_idx));
> > +       WRITE_ONCE(guest_irq_data.pmc_idx_bmap, guest_irq_data.pmc_idx_bmap | BIT(pmc_idx));
> > +       spin_unlock(&guest_irq_data.lock);
> > +
> > +       enable_irq(pmc_idx);
> > +}
> > +
> > +static void pmu_irq_exit(int pmc_idx)
> > +{
> > +       write_pmovsclr(BIT(pmc_idx));
> > +
> > +       spin_lock(&guest_irq_data.lock);
> > +       WRITE_ONCE(guest_irq_data.irq_received_bmap, guest_irq_data.pmc_idx_bmap & ~BIT(pmc_idx));
> > +       WRITE_ONCE(guest_irq_data.pmc_idx_bmap, guest_irq_data.pmc_idx_bmap & ~BIT(pmc_idx));
> > +       spin_unlock(&guest_irq_data.lock);
> > +
> > +       disable_irq(pmc_idx);
> > +}
> > +
> >  /*
> >   * Run the given operation that should trigger an exception with the
> >   * given exception class. The exception handler (guest_sync_handler)
> > @@ -420,12 +551,20 @@ static void execute_precise_instrs(int num, uint32_t pmcr)
> >         precise_instrs_loop(loop, pmcr);
> >  }
> >
> > -static void test_instructions_count(int pmc_idx, bool expect_count)
> > +static void test_instructions_count(int pmc_idx, bool expect_count, bool test_overflow)
> >  {
> >         int i;
> >         struct pmc_accessor *acc;
> > -       uint64_t cnt;
> > -       int instrs_count = 100;
> > +       uint64_t cntr_val = 0;
> > +       int instrs_count = 500;
>
> Can we set instrs_count based on the value we set for cntr_val?
> (so that instrs_count can be adjusted automatically when we change the
> value of cntr_val ?)
>
> > +
> > +       if (test_overflow) {



> > +               /* Overflow scenarios can only be tested when a count is expected */
> > +               GUEST_ASSERT_1(expect_count, pmc_idx);
> > +
> > +               cntr_val = PRE_OVERFLOW_32;
> > +               pmu_irq_init(pmc_idx);
> > +       }
> >
> >         enable_counter(pmc_idx);
> >
> > @@ -433,41 +572,68 @@ static void test_instructions_count(int pmc_idx, bool expect_count)
> >         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pmc_accessors); i++) {
> >                 acc = &pmc_accessors[i];
> >
> > -               pmu_disable_reset();
> > -
> > +               acc->write_cntr(pmc_idx, cntr_val);
> >                 acc->write_typer(pmc_idx, ARMV8_PMUV3_PERFCTR_INST_RETIRED);
> >
> > -               /* Enable the PMU and execute precisely number of instructions as a workload */
> > -               execute_precise_instrs(instrs_count, read_sysreg(pmcr_el0) | ARMV8_PMU_PMCR_E);
> > +               /*
> > +                * Enable the PMU and execute a precise number of instructions as a workload.
> > +                * Since execute_precise_instrs() disables the PMU at the end, 'instrs_count'
> > +                * should have enough instructions to raise an IRQ.
> > +                */
> > +               execute_precise_instrs(instrs_count, ARMV8_PMU_PMCR_E);
> >
> > -               /* If a count is expected, the counter should be increased by 'instrs_count' */
> > -               cnt = acc->read_cntr(pmc_idx);
> > -               GUEST_ASSERT_4(expect_count == (cnt == instrs_count),
> > -                               i, expect_count, cnt, instrs_count);
> > +               /*
> > +                * If an overflow is expected, only check for the overflag flag.
> > +                * As overflow interrupt is enabled, the interrupt would add additional
> > +                * instructions and mess up the precise instruction count. Hence, measure
> > +                * the instructions count only when the test is not set up for an overflow.
> > +                */
> > +               if (test_overflow) {
> > +                       GUEST_ASSERT_2(pmu_irq_received(pmc_idx), pmc_idx, i);
> > +               } else {
> > +                       uint64_t cnt = acc->read_cntr(pmc_idx);
> > +
> > +                       GUEST_ASSERT_4(expect_count == (cnt == instrs_count),
> > +                                       pmc_idx, i, cnt, expect_count);
> > +               }
> >         }
> >
> > -       disable_counter(pmc_idx);
> > +       if (test_overflow)
> > +               pmu_irq_exit(pmc_idx);
> >  }
> >
> > -static void test_cycles_count(bool expect_count)
> > +static void test_cycles_count(bool expect_count, bool test_overflow)
> >  {
> >         uint64_t cnt;
> >
> > -       pmu_enable();
> > -       reset_cycle_counter();
> > +       if (test_overflow) {
> > +               /* Overflow scenarios can only be tested when a count is expected */
> > +               GUEST_ASSERT(expect_count);
> > +
> > +               write_cycle_counter(PRE_OVERFLOW_64);
> > +               pmu_irq_init(ARMV8_PMU_CYCLE_COUNTER_IDX);
> > +       } else {
> > +               reset_cycle_counter();
> > +       }
> >
> >         /* Count cycles in EL0 and EL1 */
> >         write_pmccfiltr(0);
> >         enable_cycle_counter();
> >
> > +       /* Enable the PMU and execute precisely number of instructions as a workload */
>
> Can you please add a comment why we do this (500 times) iterations ?
> Can we set the iteration number based on the initial value of the
> cycle counter ?
>
> > +       execute_precise_instrs(500, read_sysreg(pmcr_el0) | ARMV8_PMU_PMCR_E);
> >         cnt = read_cycle_counter();
>   >
> >         /*
> >          * If a count is expected by the test, the cycle counter should be increased by
> > -        * at least 1, as there is at least one instruction between enabling the
> > +        * at least 1, as there are a number of instructions between enabling the
> >          * counter and reading the counter.
> >          */
>
> "at least 1" doesn't seem to be consistent with the GUEST_ASSERT_2 below
> when test_overflow is true, considering the initial value of the cycle counter.
> Shouldn't this GUEST_ASSERT_2 be executed only if test_overflow is false ?
> (Or do you want to adjust the comment ?)
>
> >         GUEST_ASSERT_2(expect_count == (cnt > 0), cnt, expect_count);
> > +       if (test_overflow) {
> > +               GUEST_ASSERT_2(pmu_irq_received(ARMV8_PMU_CYCLE_COUNTER_IDX), cnt, expect_count);
> > +               pmu_irq_exit(ARMV8_PMU_CYCLE_COUNTER_IDX);
> > +       }
> >
> >         disable_cycle_counter();
> >         pmu_disable_reset();
> > @@ -477,19 +643,28 @@ static void test_event_count(uint64_t event, int pmc_idx, bool expect_count)
> >  {
> >         switch (event) {
> >         case ARMV8_PMUV3_PERFCTR_INST_RETIRED:
> > -               test_instructions_count(pmc_idx, expect_count);
> > +               test_instructions_count(pmc_idx, expect_count, false);
> >                 break;
> >         case ARMV8_PMUV3_PERFCTR_CPU_CYCLES:
> > -               test_cycles_count(expect_count);
> > +               test_cycles_count(expect_count, false);
> >                 break;
> >         }
> >  }
> >
> >  static void test_basic_pmu_functionality(void)
> >  {
> > +       local_irq_disable();
> > +       gic_init(GIC_V3, 1, (void *)GICD_BASE_GPA, (void *)GICR_BASE_GPA);
> > +       gic_irq_enable(PMU_IRQ);
> > +       local_irq_enable();
> > +
> >         /* Test events on generic and cycle counters */
> > -       test_instructions_count(0, true);
> > -       test_cycles_count(true);
> > +       test_instructions_count(0, true, false);
> > +       test_cycles_count(true, false);
> > +
> > +       /* Test overflow with interrupts on generic and cycle counters */
> > +       test_instructions_count(0, true, true);
> > +       test_cycles_count(true, true);
> >  }
> >
> >  /*
> > @@ -813,9 +988,6 @@ static void guest_code(void)
> >         GUEST_DONE();
> >  }
> >
> > -#define GICD_BASE_GPA  0x8000000ULL
> > -#define GICR_BASE_GPA  0x80A0000ULL
> > -
> >  static unsigned long *
> >  set_event_filters(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_pmu_event_filter *pmu_event_filters)
> >  {
> > @@ -866,7 +1038,7 @@ create_vpmu_vm(void *guest_code, struct kvm_pmu_event_filter *pmu_event_filters)
> >         struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
> >         struct kvm_vcpu_init init;
> >         uint8_t pmuver, ec;
> > -       uint64_t dfr0, irq = 23;
> > +       uint64_t dfr0, irq = PMU_IRQ;
> >         struct vpmu_vm *vpmu_vm;
> >         struct kvm_device_attr irq_attr = {
> >                 .group = KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3_CTRL,
> > @@ -883,6 +1055,7 @@ create_vpmu_vm(void *guest_code, struct kvm_pmu_event_filter *pmu_event_filters)
> >
> >         vpmu_vm->vm = vm = vm_create(1);
> >         vm_init_descriptor_tables(vm);
> > +       vm_install_exception_handler(vm, VECTOR_IRQ_CURRENT, guest_irq_handler);
> >
> >         /* Catch exceptions for easier debugging */
> >         for (ec = 0; ec < ESR_EC_NUM; ec++) {
> > --
> > 2.39.1.581.gbfd45094c4-goog
> >
>
> Thanks,
> Reiji

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