Date:   Thu, 6 Apr 2023 19:49:59 +0200
From:   David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>
To:     Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@...gle.com>
Cc:     Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
        Alexander Viro <viro@...iv.linux.org.uk>,
        "Darrick J. Wong" <djwong@...nel.org>,
        Christoph Lameter <cl@...ux.com>,
        David Rientjes <rientjes@...gle.com>,
        Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@....com>,
        Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@...e.cz>,
        Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@...ux.dev>,
        Hyeonggon Yoo <42.hyeyoo@...il.com>,
        "Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)" <willy@...radead.org>,
        Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@...wei.com>,
        Johannes Weiner <hannes@...xchg.org>,
        Peter Xu <peterx@...hat.com>, NeilBrown <neilb@...e.de>,
        Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@...gle.com>,
        Michal Hocko <mhocko@...nel.org>, Yu Zhao <yuzhao@...gle.com>,
        Dave Chinner <david@...morbit.com>,
        linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        linux-xfs@...r.kernel.org, linux-mm@...ck.org,
        stable@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v5 1/2] mm: vmscan: ignore non-LRU-based reclaim in memcg
 reclaim

On 06.04.23 16:07, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
> Thanks for taking a look, David!
> 
> On Thu, Apr 6, 2023 at 3:31 AM David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com> wrote:
>>
>> On 05.04.23 20:54, Yosry Ahmed wrote:
>>> We keep track of different types of reclaimed pages through
>>> reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab, and we add them to the reported number
>>> of reclaimed pages.  For non-memcg reclaim, this makes sense. For memcg
>>> reclaim, we have no clue if those pages are charged to the memcg under
>>> reclaim.
>>>
>>> Slab pages are shared by different memcgs, so a freed slab page may have
>>> only been partially charged to the memcg under reclaim.  The same goes for
>>> clean file pages from pruned inodes (on highmem systems) or xfs buffer
>>> pages, there is no simple way to currently link them to the memcg under
>>> reclaim.
>>>
>>> Stop reporting those freed pages as reclaimed pages during memcg reclaim.
>>> This should make the return value of writing to memory.reclaim, and may
>>> help reduce unnecessary reclaim retries during memcg charging.  Writing to
>>> memory.reclaim on the root memcg is considered as cgroup_reclaim(), but
>>> for this case we want to include any freed pages, so use the
>>> global_reclaim() check instead of !cgroup_reclaim().
>>>
>>> Generally, this should make the return value of
>>> try_to_free_mem_cgroup_pages() more accurate. In some limited cases (e.g.
>>> freed a slab page that was mostly charged to the memcg under reclaim),
>>> the return value of try_to_free_mem_cgroup_pages() can be underestimated,
>>> but this should be fine. The freed pages will be uncharged anyway, and we
>>
>> Can't we end up in extreme situations where
>> try_to_free_mem_cgroup_pages() returns close to 0 although a huge amount
>> of memory for that cgroup was freed up.
>>
>> Can you extend on why "this should be fine" ?
>>
>> I suspect that overestimation might be worse than underestimation. (see
>> my comment proposal below)
> 
> In such extreme scenarios even though try_to_free_mem_cgroup_pages()
> would return an underestimated value, the freed memory for the cgroup
> will be uncharged. try_charge() (and most callers of
> try_to_free_mem_cgroup_pages()) do so in a retry loop, so even if
> try_to_free_mem_cgroup_pages() returns an underestimated value
> charging will succeed the next time around.
> 
> The only case where this might be a problem is if it happens in the
> final retry, but I guess we need to be *really* unlucky for this
> extreme scenario to happen. One could argue that if we reach such a
> situation the cgroup will probably OOM soon anyway.
> 
>>
>>> can charge the memcg the next time around as we usually do memcg reclaim
>>> in a retry loop.
>>>
>>> The next patch performs some cleanups around reclaim_state and adds an
>>> elaborate comment explaining this to the code. This patch is kept
>>> minimal for easy backporting.
>>>
>>> Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@...gle.com>
>>> Cc: stable@...r.kernel.org
>>
>> Fixes: ?
>>
>> Otherwise it's hard to judge how far to backport this.
> 
> It's hard to judge. The issue has been there for a while, but
> memory.reclaim just made it more user visible. I think we can
> attribute it to per-object slab accounting, because before that any
> freed slab pages in cgroup reclaim would be entirely charged to that
> cgroup.
> 
> Although in all fairness, other types of freed pages that use
> reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab cannot be attributed to the cgroup under
> reclaim have been there before that. I guess slab is the most
> significant among them tho, so for the purposes of backporting I
> guess:
> 
> Fixes: f2fe7b09a52b ("mm: memcg/slab: charge individual slab objects
> instead of pages")
> 
>>
>>> ---
>>>
>>> global_reclaim(sc) does not exist in kernels before 6.3. It can be
>>> replaced with:
>>> !cgroup_reclaim(sc) || mem_cgroup_is_root(sc->target_mem_cgroup)
>>>
>>> ---
>>>    mm/vmscan.c | 8 +++++---
>>>    1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
>>>
>>> diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c
>>> index 9c1c5e8b24b8f..c82bd89f90364 100644
>>> --- a/mm/vmscan.c
>>> +++ b/mm/vmscan.c
>>> @@ -5346,8 +5346,10 @@ static int shrink_one(struct lruvec *lruvec, struct scan_control *sc)
>>>                vmpressure(sc->gfp_mask, memcg, false, sc->nr_scanned - scanned,
>>>                           sc->nr_reclaimed - reclaimed);
>>>
>>> -     sc->nr_reclaimed += current->reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab;
>>> -     current->reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab = 0;
>>
>> Worth adding a comment like
>>
>> /*
>>    * Slab pages cannot universally be linked to a single memcg. So only
>>    * account them as reclaimed during global reclaim. Note that we might
>>    * underestimate the amount of memory reclaimed (but won't overestimate
>>    * it).
>>    */
>>
>> but ...
>>
>>> +     if (global_reclaim(sc)) {
>>> +             sc->nr_reclaimed += current->reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab;
>>> +             current->reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab = 0;
>>> +     }
>>>
>>>        return success ? MEMCG_LRU_YOUNG : 0;
>>>    }
>>> @@ -6472,7 +6474,7 @@ static void shrink_node(pg_data_t *pgdat, struct scan_control *sc)
>>>
>>>        shrink_node_memcgs(pgdat, sc);
>>>
>>
>> ... do we want to factor the add+clear into a simple helper such that we
>> can have above comment there?
>>
>> static void cond_account_reclaimed_slab(reclaim_state, sc)
>> {
>>          /*
>>           * Slab pages cannot universally be linked to a single memcg. So
>>           * only account them as reclaimed during global reclaim. Note
>>           * that we might underestimate the amount of memory reclaimed
>>           * (but won't overestimate it).
>>           */
>>          if (global_reclaim(sc)) {
>>                  sc->nr_reclaimed += reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab;
>>                  reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab = 0;
>>          }
>> }
>>
>> Yes, effective a couple LOC more, but still straight-forward for a
>> stable backport
> 
> The next patch in the series performs some refactoring and cleanups,
> among which we add a helper called flush_reclaim_state() that does
> exactly that and contains a sizable comment. I left this outside of
> this patch in v5 to make the effective change as small as possible for
> backporting. Looks like it can be confusing tho without the comment.
> 
> How about I pull this part to this patch as well for v6?

As long as it's a helper similar to what I proposed, I think that makes 
a lot of sense (and doesn't particularly bloat this patch).

-- 
Thanks,

David / dhildenb

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