Date: Tue, 16 Jan 2024 15:15:58 -0800
From: Eric Badger <ebadger@...estorage.com>
To: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@...pe.ca>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@...radead.org>,
	Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@...ux.intel.com>, Joerg Roedel <joro@...tes.org>,
	Will Deacon <will@...nel.org>, Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@....com>,
	"open list:INTEL IOMMU (VT-d)" <iommu@...ts.linux.dev>,
	open list <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] iommu/vt-d: Check for non-NULL domain on device release

On Tue, Jan 16, 2024 at 11:22:15AM -0400, Jason Gunthorpe wrote:
> On Sat, Jan 13, 2024 at 10:17:13AM -0800, Eric Badger wrote:
> > In the kdump kernel, the IOMMU will operate in deferred_attach mode. In
> > this mode, info->domain may not yet be assigned by the time the
> > release_device function is called, which leads to the following crash in
> > the crashkernel:
> 
> This never worked right? But why are you getting to release in a crash
> kernel in the first place, that seems kinda weird..

I first encountered this crash as part of an upgrade from 5.15.125 to
6.6.0. I'd guess this has not worked since p2sb_bar() was plumbed into
i801_probe(). Prior to that, there was similar code in i801_probe(), but
no call to pci_stop_and_remove_bus_device().

> 
> >     BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 000000000000003c
> >     ...
> >     RIP: 0010:do_raw_spin_lock+0xa/0xa0
> >     ...
> >     _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x1b/0x30
> >     intel_iommu_release_device+0x96/0x170
> >     iommu_deinit_device+0x39/0xf0
> >     __iommu_group_remove_device+0xa0/0xd0
> >     iommu_bus_notifier+0x55/0xb0
> >     notifier_call_chain+0x5a/0xd0
> >     blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x41/0x60
> >     bus_notify+0x34/0x50
> >     device_del+0x269/0x3d0
> >     pci_remove_bus_device+0x77/0x100
> >     p2sb_bar+0xae/0x1d0
> >     ...
> >     i801_probe+0x423/0x740
> > 
> > Signed-off-by: Eric Badger <ebadger@...estorage.com>
> 
> It should have a fixes line, but I'm not sure what it is..

Starting from my known-working 5.15.125 base, I worked my way forward to
try to find the offenders. I think it's mainly these two:

dd8a25c557e1 ("iommu: Remove deferred attach check from __iommu_detach_device()")
586081d3f6b1 ("iommu/vt-d: Remove DEFER_DEVICE_DOMAIN_INFO")

Prior to the first one, we always end up doing a non-deferred attach on
the device, so it's not possible to have a not-yet-attached device at
release time.

The second one looks to be necessary to get the situation where we have
non-NULL info, but NULL info->domain.

Since there was a lot of refactoring done between 5.15.125 and 6.6.0, I
couldn't just cherry pick those two back to 5.15.125. But I was able to
cherry pick these two sequences with minimal manual massaging and that
reproed the crash in the crashkernel in intel_iommu_release_device() on
5.15.125:

a688b376fa5e iommu/vt-d: Remove DEFER_DEVICE_DOMAIN_INFO
c2ed7ea06b6b iommu/vt-d: Remove domain and devinfo mempool
d195dd05b950 iommu/vt-d: Remove iova_cache_get/put()
0822172fa474 iommu/vt-d: Remove finding domain in dmar_insert_one_dev_info()
443d995073fb iommu/vt-d: Remove intel_iommu::domains

f394cb40eaa7 iommu: Remove deferred attach check from __iommu_detach_device()
09d782454860 iommu: Remove unused argument in is_attach_deferred
35c672b9e7ed iommu: Add DMA ownership management interfaces
6b9638d70dff iommu: Use right way to retrieve iommu_ops

> 
> > ---
> >  drivers/iommu/intel/iommu.c | 10 ++++++----
> >  1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
> 
> Unfortunately this issue is likely systemic in all the drivers.
> 
> Something I've been thinking about for a while now is to have the
> option for the core code release to set the driver to a specific
> releasing domain (probably a blocking or identity global static)
> 
> A lot of drivers are open coding this internally in their release
> functions, like Intel. But it really doesn't deserve to be special.
> 
> Obviously if we structure things like that then this problem goes away
> too. It looks to me like domain_context_clear_one() is doing BLOCKED
> to me..
> 
> > diff --git a/drivers/iommu/intel/iommu.c b/drivers/iommu/intel/iommu.c
> > index 6fb5f6fceea1..26e450259889 100644
> > --- a/drivers/iommu/intel/iommu.c
> > +++ b/drivers/iommu/intel/iommu.c
> > @@ -3750,7 +3750,6 @@ static void domain_context_clear(struct device_domain_info *info)
> >  static void dmar_remove_one_dev_info(struct device *dev)
> >  {
> >  	struct device_domain_info *info = dev_iommu_priv_get(dev);
> > -	struct dmar_domain *domain = info->domain;
> >  	struct intel_iommu *iommu = info->iommu;
> >  	unsigned long flags;
> >  
> > @@ -3763,11 +3762,14 @@ static void dmar_remove_one_dev_info(struct device *dev)
> >  		domain_context_clear(info);
> >  	}
> >  
> > -	spin_lock_irqsave(&domain->lock, flags);
> > +	if (!info->domain)
> > +		return;
> > +
> > +	spin_lock_irqsave(&info->domain->lock, flags);
> >  	list_del(&info->link);
> > -	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&domain->lock, flags);
> > +	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&info->domain->lock, flags);
> >  
> > -	domain_detach_iommu(domain, iommu);
> > +	domain_detach_iommu(info->domain, iommu);
> >  	info->domain = NULL;
> >  }
> 
> This function is almost a copy of device_block_translation(), with
> some bugs added :\
> 
> Lu can they be made the same? It seems to me BLOCKED could always
> clear the domain context, even in scalable mode?
> 
> Anyhow, my suggestion is more like:
> 
> diff --git a/drivers/iommu/intel/iommu.c b/drivers/iommu/intel/iommu.c
> index 15699fe5418e3d..6c683fd4bc05ec 100644
> --- a/drivers/iommu/intel/iommu.c
> +++ b/drivers/iommu/intel/iommu.c
> @@ -3747,30 +3747,6 @@ static void domain_context_clear(struct device_domain_info *info)
>  			       &domain_context_clear_one_cb, info);
>  }
>  
> -static void dmar_remove_one_dev_info(struct device *dev)
> -{
> -	struct device_domain_info *info = dev_iommu_priv_get(dev);
> -	struct dmar_domain *domain = info->domain;
> -	struct intel_iommu *iommu = info->iommu;
> -	unsigned long flags;
> -
> -	if (!dev_is_real_dma_subdevice(info->dev)) {
> -		if (dev_is_pci(info->dev) && sm_supported(iommu))
> -			intel_pasid_tear_down_entry(iommu, info->dev,
> -					IOMMU_NO_PASID, false);
> -
> -		iommu_disable_pci_caps(info);
> -		domain_context_clear(info);
> -	}
> -
> -	spin_lock_irqsave(&domain->lock, flags);
> -	list_del(&info->link);
> -	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&domain->lock, flags);
> -
> -	domain_detach_iommu(domain, iommu);
> -	info->domain = NULL;
> -}
> -
>  /*
>   * Clear the page table pointer in context or pasid table entries so that
>   * all DMA requests without PASID from the device are blocked. If the page
> @@ -4284,7 +4260,6 @@ static void intel_iommu_release_device(struct device *dev)
>  {
>  	struct device_domain_info *info = dev_iommu_priv_get(dev);
>  
> -	dmar_remove_one_dev_info(dev);
>  	intel_pasid_free_table(dev);
>  	intel_iommu_debugfs_remove_dev(info);
>  	kfree(info);
> @@ -4743,6 +4718,7 @@ static const struct iommu_dirty_ops intel_dirty_ops = {
>  
>  const struct iommu_ops intel_iommu_ops = {
>  	.blocked_domain		= &blocking_domain,
> +	.release_domain		= &blocking_domain,
>  	.capable		= intel_iommu_capable,
>  	.hw_info		= intel_iommu_hw_info,
>  	.domain_alloc		= intel_iommu_domain_alloc,
> diff --git a/drivers/iommu/iommu.c b/drivers/iommu/iommu.c
> index 068f6508e57c9b..9fbbd83a82d4e9 100644
> --- a/drivers/iommu/iommu.c
> +++ b/drivers/iommu/iommu.c
> @@ -442,6 +442,8 @@ static int iommu_init_device(struct device *dev, const struct iommu_ops *ops)
>  err_unlink:
>  	iommu_device_unlink(iommu_dev, dev);
>  err_release:
> +	if (ops->release_domain)
> +		ops->release_domain->ops->attach_dev(ops->release_domain, dev);
>  	if (ops->release_device)
>  		ops->release_device(dev);
>  err_module_put:
> @@ -461,6 +463,15 @@ static void iommu_deinit_device(struct device *dev)
>  
>  	iommu_device_unlink(dev->iommu->iommu_dev, dev);
>  
> +	/*
> +	 * If the iommu driver provides release_domain then the core code
> +	 * ensures that domain is attached prior to calling release_device.
> +	 * Drivers can use this to enforce a translation on the idle iommu.
> +	 * Usually the global static blocked_domain is a good choice.
> +	 */
> +	if (ops->release_domain)
> +		ops->release_domain->ops->attach_dev(ops->release_domain, dev);
> +
>  	/*
>  	 * release_device() must stop using any attached domain on the device.
>  	 * If there are still other devices in the group they are not effected
> diff --git a/include/linux/iommu.h b/include/linux/iommu.h
> index c34d0ef1703d68..1e8be165c878d8 100644
> --- a/include/linux/iommu.h
> +++ b/include/linux/iommu.h
> @@ -511,6 +511,7 @@ struct iommu_ops {
>  	struct module *owner;
>  	struct iommu_domain *identity_domain;
>  	struct iommu_domain *blocked_domain;
> +	struct iommu_domain *release_domain;
>  	struct iommu_domain *default_domain;
>  };
>  

FWIW, I took this patch for a spin, appears to work fine.

Thanks,
Eric

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