linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH v2] proc: allow restricting /proc/pid/mem writes

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Message-ID: <20240305-kontakt-ticken-77fc8f02be1d@brauner>
Date: Tue, 5 Mar 2024 10:58:25 +0100
From: Christian Brauner <brauner@...nel.org>
To: Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>
Cc: Adrian Ratiu <adrian.ratiu@...labora.com>, 
	linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org, kernel@...labora.com, linux-security-module@...r.kernel.org, 
	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-doc@...r.kernel.org, Guenter Roeck <groeck@...omium.org>, 
	Doug Anderson <dianders@...omium.org>, Jann Horn <jannh@...gle.com>, 
	Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>, Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@...radead.org>, 
	Mike Frysinger <vapier@...omium.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2] proc: allow restricting /proc/pid/mem writes

On Tue, Mar 05, 2024 at 01:41:29AM -0800, Kees Cook wrote:
> On Tue, Mar 05, 2024 at 09:59:47AM +0100, Christian Brauner wrote:
> > > > Uhm, this will break the seccomp notifier, no? So you can't turn on
> > > > SECURITY_PROC_MEM_RESTRICT_WRITE when you want to use the seccomp
> > > > notifier to do system call interception and rewrite memory locations of
> > > > the calling task, no? Which is very much relied upon in various
> > > > container managers and possibly other security tools.
> > > > 
> > > > Which means that you can't turn this on in any of the regular distros.
> > > 
> > > FWIW, it's a run-time toggle, but yes, let's make sure this works
> > > correctly.
> > > 
> > > > So you need to either account for the calling task being a seccomp
> > > > supervisor for the task whose memory it is trying to access or you need
> > > > to provide a migration path by adding an api that let's caller's perform
> > > > these writes through the seccomp notifier.
> > > 
> > > How do seccomp supervisors that use USER_NOTIF do those kinds of
> > > memory writes currently? I thought they were actually using ptrace?
> > > Everything I'm familiar with is just using SECCOMP_IOCTL_NOTIF_ADDFD,
> > > and not doing fancy memory pokes.
> > 
> > For example, incus has a seccomp supervisor such that each container
> > gets it's own goroutine that is responsible for handling system call
> > interception.
> > 
> > If a container is started the container runtime connects to an AF_UNIX
> > socket to register with the seccomp supervisor. It stays connected until
> > it stops. Everytime a system call is performed that is registered in the
> > seccomp notifier filter the container runtime will send a AF_UNIX
> > message to the seccomp supervisor. This will include the following fds:
> > 
> > - the pidfd of the task that performed the system call (we should
> >   actually replace this with SO_PEERPIDFD now that we have that)
> > - the fd of the task's memory to /proc/<pid>/mem
> > 
> > The seccomp supervisor will then perform the system call interception
> > including the required memory reads and writes.
> 
> Okay, so the patch would very much break that. Some questions, though:
> - why not use process_vm_writev()?

Because it's inherently racy as I've explained in an earlier mail in
this thread. Opening /proc/<pid>/mem we can guard via:

// Assume we hold @pidfd for supervised process

int fd_mem = open("/proc/$pid/mem", O_RDWR);:

if (pidfd_send_signal(pidfd, 0, ...) == 0)
        write(fd_mem, ...);

But we can't exactly do:

process_vm_writev(pid, WRITE_TO_MEMORY, ...);
if (pidfd_send_signal(pidfd, 0, ...) == 0)
        write(fd_mem, ...);

That's always racy. The process might have been reaped before we even
call pidfd_send_signal() and we're writing to some random process
memory.

If we wanted to support this we'd need to implement a proposal I had a
while ago:

#define PROCESS_VM_RW_PIDFD (1 << 0)

process_vm_readv(pidfd,  ..., PROCESS_VM_RW_PIDFD);
process_vm_writev(pidfd, ..., PROCESS_VM_RW_PIDFD);

which is similar to what we did for waitid(pidfd, P_PIDFD, ...)

That would make it possible to use a pidfd instead of a pid in the two
system calls. Then we can get rid of the raciness and actually use those
system calls. As they are now, we can't.

> - does the supervisor depend on FOLL_FORCE?

Since the write handler for /proc/<pid>/mem does raise FOLL_FORCE
unconditionally it likely would implicitly. But I'm not familiar enough
with FOLL_FORCE to say for sure.

> Perhaps is is sufficient to block the use of FOLL_FORCE?
> 
> I took a look at the Chrome OS exploit, and I _think_ it is depending
> on the FOLL_FORCE behavior (it searches for a symbol to overwrite that
> if I'm following correctly is in a read-only region), but some of the
> binaries don't include source code, so I couldn't easily see what was
> being injected. Mike or Adrian can you confirm this?