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Message-ID: <87jzk0hp0f.fsf@yhuang6-desk2.ccr.corp.intel.com>
Date: Sat, 11 May 2024 13:54:40 +0800
From: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@...el.com>
To: Kairui Song <ryncsn@...il.com>
Cc: linux-mm@...ck.org, Kairui Song <kasong@...cent.com>, Andrew Morton
<akpm@...ux-foundation.org>, Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>, Chris
Li <chrisl@...nel.org>, Barry Song <v-songbaohua@...o.com>, Ryan Roberts
<ryan.roberts@....com>, Neil Brown <neilb@...e.de>, Minchan Kim
<minchan@...nel.org>, David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>, Hugh Dickins
<hughd@...gle.com>, Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@...gle.com>,
linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v5 12/12] mm/swap: reduce swap cache search space
Kairui Song <ryncsn@...il.com> writes:
> From: Kairui Song <kasong@...cent.com>
>
> Currently we use one swap_address_space for every 64M chunk to reduce lock
> contention, this is like having a set of smaller swap files inside one
> swap device. But when doing swap cache look up or insert, we are
> still using the offset of the whole large swap device. This is OK for
> correctness, as the offset (key) is unique.
>
> But Xarray is specially optimized for small indexes, it creates the
> radix tree levels lazily to be just enough to fit the largest key
> stored in one Xarray. So we are wasting tree nodes unnecessarily.
>
> For 64M chunk it should only take at most 3 levels to contain everything.
> But if we are using the offset from the whole swap device, the offset (key)
> value will be way beyond 64M, and so will the tree level.
>
> Optimize this by using a new helper swap_cache_index to get a swap
> entry's unique offset in its own 64M swap_address_space.
>
> I see a ~1% performance gain in benchmark and actual workload with
> high memory pressure.
>
> Test with `time memhog 128G` inside a 8G memcg using 128G swap (ramdisk
> with SWP_SYNCHRONOUS_IO dropped, tested 3 times, results are stable. The
> test result is similar but the improvement is smaller if SWP_SYNCHRONOUS_IO
> is enabled, as swap out path can never skip swap cache):
>
> Before:
> 6.07user 250.74system 4:17.26elapsed 99%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 8373376maxresident)k
> 0inputs+0outputs (55major+33555018minor)pagefaults 0swaps
>
> After (1.8% faster):
> 6.08user 246.09system 4:12.58elapsed 99%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 8373248maxresident)k
> 0inputs+0outputs (54major+33555027minor)pagefaults 0swaps
>
> Similar result with MySQL and sysbench using swap:
> Before:
> 94055.61 qps
>
> After (0.8% faster):
> 94834.91 qps
>
> Radix tree slab usage is also very slightly lower.
>
> Signed-off-by: Kairui Song <kasong@...cent.com>
LGTM, Thanks!
Reviewed-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@...el.com>
> ---
> mm/huge_memory.c | 2 +-
> mm/memcontrol.c | 2 +-
> mm/mincore.c | 2 +-
> mm/shmem.c | 2 +-
> mm/swap.h | 15 +++++++++++++++
> mm/swap_state.c | 17 +++++++++--------
> mm/swapfile.c | 6 +++---
> 7 files changed, 31 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/mm/huge_memory.c b/mm/huge_memory.c
> index 317de2afd371..fcc0e86a2589 100644
> --- a/mm/huge_memory.c
> +++ b/mm/huge_memory.c
> @@ -2838,7 +2838,7 @@ static void __split_huge_page(struct page *page, struct list_head *list,
> split_page_memcg(head, order, new_order);
>
> if (folio_test_anon(folio) && folio_test_swapcache(folio)) {
> - offset = swp_offset(folio->swap);
> + offset = swap_cache_index(folio->swap);
> swap_cache = swap_address_space(folio->swap);
> xa_lock(&swap_cache->i_pages);
> }
> diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c
> index d127c9c5fabf..024aeb64d0be 100644
> --- a/mm/memcontrol.c
> +++ b/mm/memcontrol.c
> @@ -6153,7 +6153,7 @@ static struct page *mc_handle_swap_pte(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
> * Because swap_cache_get_folio() updates some statistics counter,
> * we call find_get_page() with swapper_space directly.
> */
> - page = find_get_page(swap_address_space(ent), swp_offset(ent));
> + page = find_get_page(swap_address_space(ent), swap_cache_index(ent));
> entry->val = ent.val;
>
> return page;
> diff --git a/mm/mincore.c b/mm/mincore.c
> index dad3622cc963..e31cf1bde614 100644
> --- a/mm/mincore.c
> +++ b/mm/mincore.c
> @@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ static int mincore_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
> } else {
> #ifdef CONFIG_SWAP
> *vec = mincore_page(swap_address_space(entry),
> - swp_offset(entry));
> + swap_cache_index(entry));
> #else
> WARN_ON(1);
> *vec = 1;
> diff --git a/mm/shmem.c b/mm/shmem.c
> index fa2a0ed97507..326315c12feb 100644
> --- a/mm/shmem.c
> +++ b/mm/shmem.c
> @@ -1756,7 +1756,7 @@ static int shmem_replace_folio(struct folio **foliop, gfp_t gfp,
>
> old = *foliop;
> entry = old->swap;
> - swap_index = swp_offset(entry);
> + swap_index = swap_cache_index(entry);
> swap_mapping = swap_address_space(entry);
>
> /*
> diff --git a/mm/swap.h b/mm/swap.h
> index 82023ab93205..2c0e96272d49 100644
> --- a/mm/swap.h
> +++ b/mm/swap.h
> @@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ void __swap_writepage(struct folio *folio, struct writeback_control *wbc);
> /* One swap address space for each 64M swap space */
> #define SWAP_ADDRESS_SPACE_SHIFT 14
> #define SWAP_ADDRESS_SPACE_PAGES (1 << SWAP_ADDRESS_SPACE_SHIFT)
> +#define SWAP_ADDRESS_SPACE_MASK (SWAP_ADDRESS_SPACE_PAGES - 1)
> extern struct address_space *swapper_spaces[];
> #define swap_address_space(entry) \
> (&swapper_spaces[swp_type(entry)][swp_offset(entry) \
> @@ -40,6 +41,15 @@ static inline loff_t swap_dev_pos(swp_entry_t entry)
> return ((loff_t)swp_offset(entry)) << PAGE_SHIFT;
> }
>
> +/*
> + * Return the swap cache index of the swap entry.
> + */
> +static inline pgoff_t swap_cache_index(swp_entry_t entry)
> +{
> + BUILD_BUG_ON((SWP_OFFSET_MASK | SWAP_ADDRESS_SPACE_MASK) != SWP_OFFSET_MASK);
> + return swp_offset(entry) & SWAP_ADDRESS_SPACE_MASK;
> +}
> +
> void show_swap_cache_info(void);
> bool add_to_swap(struct folio *folio);
> void *get_shadow_from_swap_cache(swp_entry_t entry);
> @@ -86,6 +96,11 @@ static inline struct address_space *swap_address_space(swp_entry_t entry)
> return NULL;
> }
>
> +static inline pgoff_t swap_cache_index(swp_entry_t entry)
> +{
> + return 0;
> +}
> +
> static inline void show_swap_cache_info(void)
> {
> }
> diff --git a/mm/swap_state.c b/mm/swap_state.c
> index 642c30d8376c..6e86c759dc1d 100644
> --- a/mm/swap_state.c
> +++ b/mm/swap_state.c
> @@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ void show_swap_cache_info(void)
> void *get_shadow_from_swap_cache(swp_entry_t entry)
> {
> struct address_space *address_space = swap_address_space(entry);
> - pgoff_t idx = swp_offset(entry);
> + pgoff_t idx = swap_cache_index(entry);
> void *shadow;
>
> shadow = xa_load(&address_space->i_pages, idx);
> @@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ int add_to_swap_cache(struct folio *folio, swp_entry_t entry,
> gfp_t gfp, void **shadowp)
> {
> struct address_space *address_space = swap_address_space(entry);
> - pgoff_t idx = swp_offset(entry);
> + pgoff_t idx = swap_cache_index(entry);
> XA_STATE_ORDER(xas, &address_space->i_pages, idx, folio_order(folio));
> unsigned long i, nr = folio_nr_pages(folio);
> void *old;
> @@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ void __delete_from_swap_cache(struct folio *folio,
> struct address_space *address_space = swap_address_space(entry);
> int i;
> long nr = folio_nr_pages(folio);
> - pgoff_t idx = swp_offset(entry);
> + pgoff_t idx = swap_cache_index(entry);
> XA_STATE(xas, &address_space->i_pages, idx);
>
> xas_set_update(&xas, workingset_update_node);
> @@ -253,13 +253,14 @@ void clear_shadow_from_swap_cache(int type, unsigned long begin,
>
> for (;;) {
> swp_entry_t entry = swp_entry(type, curr);
> + unsigned long index = curr & SWAP_ADDRESS_SPACE_MASK;
> struct address_space *address_space = swap_address_space(entry);
> - XA_STATE(xas, &address_space->i_pages, curr);
> + XA_STATE(xas, &address_space->i_pages, index);
>
> xas_set_update(&xas, workingset_update_node);
>
> xa_lock_irq(&address_space->i_pages);
> - xas_for_each(&xas, old, end) {
> + xas_for_each(&xas, old, min(index + (end - curr), SWAP_ADDRESS_SPACE_PAGES)) {
> if (!xa_is_value(old))
> continue;
> xas_store(&xas, NULL);
> @@ -350,7 +351,7 @@ struct folio *swap_cache_get_folio(swp_entry_t entry,
> {
> struct folio *folio;
>
> - folio = filemap_get_folio(swap_address_space(entry), swp_offset(entry));
> + folio = filemap_get_folio(swap_address_space(entry), swap_cache_index(entry));
> if (!IS_ERR(folio)) {
> bool vma_ra = swap_use_vma_readahead();
> bool readahead;
> @@ -420,7 +421,7 @@ struct folio *filemap_get_incore_folio(struct address_space *mapping,
> si = get_swap_device(swp);
> if (!si)
> return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
> - index = swp_offset(swp);
> + index = swap_cache_index(swp);
> folio = filemap_get_folio(swap_address_space(swp), index);
> put_swap_device(si);
> return folio;
> @@ -447,7 +448,7 @@ struct folio *__read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask,
> * that would confuse statistics.
> */
> folio = filemap_get_folio(swap_address_space(entry),
> - swp_offset(entry));
> + swap_cache_index(entry));
> if (!IS_ERR(folio))
> goto got_folio;
>
> diff --git a/mm/swapfile.c b/mm/swapfile.c
> index 0b0ae6e8c764..4f0e8b2ac8aa 100644
> --- a/mm/swapfile.c
> +++ b/mm/swapfile.c
> @@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ static int __try_to_reclaim_swap(struct swap_info_struct *si,
> struct folio *folio;
> int ret = 0;
>
> - folio = filemap_get_folio(swap_address_space(entry), offset);
> + folio = filemap_get_folio(swap_address_space(entry), swap_cache_index(entry));
> if (IS_ERR(folio))
> return 0;
> /*
> @@ -2158,7 +2158,7 @@ static int try_to_unuse(unsigned int type)
> (i = find_next_to_unuse(si, i)) != 0) {
>
> entry = swp_entry(type, i);
> - folio = filemap_get_folio(swap_address_space(entry), i);
> + folio = filemap_get_folio(swap_address_space(entry), swap_cache_index(entry));
> if (IS_ERR(folio))
> continue;
>
> @@ -3476,7 +3476,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(swapcache_mapping);
>
> pgoff_t __folio_swap_cache_index(struct folio *folio)
> {
> - return swp_offset(folio->swap);
> + return swap_cache_index(folio->swap);
> }
> EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__folio_swap_cache_index);
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