Date: Wed, 22 May 2024 06:59:02 +0200
From: Mateusz Guzik <mjguzik@...il.com>
To: Dennis Zhou <dennis@...nel.org>
Cc: tj@...nel.org, hughd@...gle.com, akpm@...ux-foundation.org, vbabka@...e.cz, 
	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-mm@...ck.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v3] percpu_counter: add a cmpxchg-based _add_batch variant

On Wed, May 22, 2024 at 3:17 AM Dennis Zhou <dennis@...nel.org> wrote:
>
> Hi Mateusz,
>
> On Wed, May 22, 2024 at 01:31:00AM +0200, Mateusz Guzik wrote:
> > Interrupt disable/enable trips are quite expensive on x86-64 compared to
> > a mere cmpxchg (note: no lock prefix!) and percpu counters are used
> > quite often.
> >
> > With this change I get a bump of 1% ops/s for negative path lookups,
> > plugged into will-it-scale:
> >
> > void testcase(unsigned long long *iterations, unsigned long nr)
> > {
> >         while (1) {
> >                 int fd = open("/tmp/nonexistent", O_RDONLY);
> >                 assert(fd == -1);
> >
> >                 (*iterations)++;
> >         }
> > }
> >
> > The win would be higher if it was not for other slowdowns, but one has
> > to start somewhere.
>
> This is cool!
>
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Mateusz Guzik <mjguzik@...il.com>
> > Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@...e.cz>
> > ---
> >
> > v3:
> > - add a missing word to the new comment
> >
> > v2:
> > - dodge preemption
> > - use this_cpu_try_cmpxchg
> > - keep the old variant depending on CONFIG_HAVE_CMPXCHG_LOCAL
> >
> >  lib/percpu_counter.c | 44 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
> >  1 file changed, 39 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/lib/percpu_counter.c b/lib/percpu_counter.c
> > index 44dd133594d4..c3140276bb36 100644
> > --- a/lib/percpu_counter.c
> > +++ b/lib/percpu_counter.c
> > @@ -73,17 +73,50 @@ void percpu_counter_set(struct percpu_counter *fbc, s64 amount)
> >  EXPORT_SYMBOL(percpu_counter_set);
> >
> >  /*
> > - * local_irq_save() is needed to make the function irq safe:
> > - * - The slow path would be ok as protected by an irq-safe spinlock.
> > - * - this_cpu_add would be ok as it is irq-safe by definition.
> > - * But:
> > - * The decision slow path/fast path and the actual update must be atomic, too.
> > + * Add to a counter while respecting batch size.
> > + *
> > + * There are 2 implementations, both dealing with the following problem:
> > + *
> > + * The decision slow path/fast path and the actual update must be atomic.
> >   * Otherwise a call in process context could check the current values and
> >   * decide that the fast path can be used. If now an interrupt occurs before
> >   * the this_cpu_add(), and the interrupt updates this_cpu(*fbc->counters),
> >   * then the this_cpu_add() that is executed after the interrupt has completed
> >   * can produce values larger than "batch" or even overflows.
> >   */
> > +#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_CMPXCHG_LOCAL
> > +/*
> > + * Safety against interrupts is achieved in 2 ways:
> > + * 1. the fast path uses local cmpxchg (note: no lock prefix)
> > + * 2. the slow path operates with interrupts disabled
> > + */
> > +void percpu_counter_add_batch(struct percpu_counter *fbc, s64 amount, s32 batch)
> > +{
> > +     s64 count;
> > +     unsigned long flags;
> > +
> > +     count = this_cpu_read(*fbc->counters);
>
> Should this_cpu_read() be inside the do {} while in case the extreme
> case that we get preempted after the read and before the cmpxchg AND
> count + amount < batch on both the previous and next cpu?
>

this_cpu_try_cmpxchg updates the local value on failure (hence &), so
from semantic pov this is equivalent to having this_cpu_read in the
loop. I'm using it the same way as mod_zone_state.

> > +     do {
> > +             if (unlikely(abs(count + amount)) >= batch) {
> > +                     raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&fbc->lock, flags);
> > +                     /*
> > +                      * Note: by now we might have migrated to another CPU
> > +                      * or the value might have changed.
> > +                      */
> > +                     count = __this_cpu_read(*fbc->counters);
> > +                     fbc->count += count + amount;
> > +                     __this_cpu_sub(*fbc->counters, count);
> > +                     raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&fbc->lock, flags);
> > +                     return;
> > +             }
> > +     } while (!this_cpu_try_cmpxchg(*fbc->counters, &count, count + amount));
> > +}
> > +#else
> > +/*
> > + * local_irq_save() is used to make the function irq safe:
> > + * - The slow path would be ok as protected by an irq-safe spinlock.
> > + * - this_cpu_add would be ok as it is irq-safe by definition.
> > + */
> >  void percpu_counter_add_batch(struct percpu_counter *fbc, s64 amount, s32 batch)
> >  {
> >       s64 count;
> > @@ -101,6 +134,7 @@ void percpu_counter_add_batch(struct percpu_counter *fbc, s64 amount, s32 batch)
> >       }
> >       local_irq_restore(flags);
> >  }
> > +#endif
> >  EXPORT_SYMBOL(percpu_counter_add_batch);
> >
> >  /*
> > --
> > 2.39.2
> >
>
> Thanks,
> Dennis



-- 
Mateusz Guzik <mjguzik gmail.com>

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