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Message-ID: <8FC0353E-EB2D-4C4C-B96D-8BEC06FE77F7@nvidia.com>
Date: Wed, 26 Feb 2025 10:00:22 -0500
From: Zi Yan <ziy@...dia.com>
To: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@...ux.alibaba.com>
Cc: linux-mm@...ck.org, Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
"Kirill A . Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@...ux.intel.com>,
"Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)" <willy@...radead.org>,
Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@....com>, Hugh Dickins <hughd@...gle.com>,
David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>, Yang Shi <yang@...amperecomputing.com>,
Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@...wei.com>, Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@...wei.com>,
Yu Zhao <yuzhao@...gle.com>, John Hubbard <jhubbard@...dia.com>,
linux-kselftest@...r.kernel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v8 1/8] xarray: add xas_try_split() to split a multi-index
entry
On 26 Feb 2025, at 2:11, Baolin Wang wrote:
> Hi Zi,
>
> On 2025/2/19 07:50, Zi Yan wrote:
>> A preparation patch for non-uniform folio split, which always split a
>> folio into half iteratively, and minimal xarray entry split.
>>
>> Currently, xas_split_alloc() and xas_split() always split all slots from a
>> multi-index entry. They cost the same number of xa_node as the
>> to-be-split slots. For example, to split an order-9 entry, which takes
>> 2^(9-6)=8 slots, assuming XA_CHUNK_SHIFT is 6 (!CONFIG_BASE_SMALL), 8
>> xa_node are needed. Instead xas_try_split() is intended to be used
>> iteratively to split the order-9 entry into 2 order-8 entries, then split
>> one order-8 entry, based on the given index, to 2 order-7 entries, ...,
>> and split one order-1 entry to 2 order-0 entries. When splitting the
>> order-6 entry and a new xa_node is needed, xas_try_split() will try to
>> allocate one if possible. As a result, xas_try_split() would only need
>> one xa_node instead of 8.
>>
>> When a new xa_node is needed during the split, xas_try_split() can try to
>> allocate one but no more. -ENOMEM will be return if a node cannot be
>> allocated. -EINVAL will be return if a sibling node is split or cascade
>> split happens, where two or more new nodes are needed, and these are not
>> supported by xas_try_split().
>>
>> xas_split_alloc() and xas_split() split an order-9 to order-0:
>>
>> ---------------------------------
>> | | | | | | | | |
>> | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
>> | | | | | | | | |
>> ---------------------------------
>> | | | |
>> ------- --- --- -------
>> | | ... | |
>> V V V V
>> ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
>> | xa_node | | xa_node | ... | xa_node | | xa_node |
>> ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
>>
>> xas_try_split() splits an order-9 to order-0:
>> ---------------------------------
>> | | | | | | | | |
>> | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
>> | | | | | | | | |
>> ---------------------------------
>> |
>> |
>> V
>> -----------
>> | xa_node |
>> -----------
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Zi Yan <ziy@...dia.com>
>> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@...ux.alibaba.com>
>> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>
>> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@...gle.com>
>> Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@...dia.com>
>> Cc: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@...wei.com>
>> Cc: Kirill A. Shuemov <kirill.shutemov@...ux.intel.com>
>> Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@...wei.com>
>> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>
>> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@....com>
>> Cc: Yang Shi <yang@...amperecomputing.com>
>> Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@...gle.com>
>> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@...dia.com>
>> ---
>> Documentation/core-api/xarray.rst | 14 ++-
>> include/linux/xarray.h | 7 ++
>> lib/test_xarray.c | 47 ++++++++++
>> lib/xarray.c | 138 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
>> tools/testing/radix-tree/Makefile | 1 +
>> 5 files changed, 190 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/Documentation/core-api/xarray.rst b/Documentation/core-api/xarray.rst
>> index f6a3eef4fe7f..c6c91cbd0c3c 100644
>> --- a/Documentation/core-api/xarray.rst
>> +++ b/Documentation/core-api/xarray.rst
>> @@ -489,7 +489,19 @@ Storing ``NULL`` into any index of a multi-index entry will set the
>> entry at every index to ``NULL`` and dissolve the tie. A multi-index
>> entry can be split into entries occupying smaller ranges by calling
>> xas_split_alloc() without the xa_lock held, followed by taking the lock
>> -and calling xas_split().
>> +and calling xas_split() or calling xas_try_split() with xa_lock. The
>> +difference between xas_split_alloc()+xas_split() and xas_try_alloc() is
>> +that xas_split_alloc() + xas_split() split the entry from the original
>> +order to the new order in one shot uniformly, whereas xas_try_split()
>> +iteratively splits the entry containing the index non-uniformly.
>> +For example, to split an order-9 entry, which takes 2^(9-6)=8 slots,
>> +assuming ``XA_CHUNK_SHIFT`` is 6, xas_split_alloc() + xas_split() need
>> +8 xa_node. xas_try_split() splits the order-9 entry into
>> +2 order-8 entries, then split one order-8 entry, based on the given index,
>> +to 2 order-7 entries, ..., and split one order-1 entry to 2 order-0 entries.
>> +When splitting the order-6 entry and a new xa_node is needed, xas_try_split()
>> +will try to allocate one if possible. As a result, xas_try_split() would only
>> +need 1 xa_node instead of 8.
>> Functions and structures
>> ========================
>> diff --git a/include/linux/xarray.h b/include/linux/xarray.h
>> index 0b618ec04115..9eb8c7425090 100644
>> --- a/include/linux/xarray.h
>> +++ b/include/linux/xarray.h
>> @@ -1555,6 +1555,8 @@ int xa_get_order(struct xarray *, unsigned long index);
>> int xas_get_order(struct xa_state *xas);
>> void xas_split(struct xa_state *, void *entry, unsigned int order);
>> void xas_split_alloc(struct xa_state *, void *entry, unsigned int order, gfp_t);
>> +void xas_try_split(struct xa_state *xas, void *entry, unsigned int order,
>> + gfp_t gfp);
>> #else
>> static inline int xa_get_order(struct xarray *xa, unsigned long index)
>> {
>> @@ -1576,6 +1578,11 @@ static inline void xas_split_alloc(struct xa_state *xas, void *entry,
>> unsigned int order, gfp_t gfp)
>> {
>> }
>> +
>> +static inline void xas_try_split(struct xa_state *xas, void *entry,
>> + unsigned int order, gfp_t gfp)
>> +{
>> +}
>> #endif
>> /**
>
> [snip]
>
>> diff --git a/lib/xarray.c b/lib/xarray.c
>> index 116e9286c64e..b9a63d7fbd58 100644
>> --- a/lib/xarray.c
>> +++ b/lib/xarray.c
>> @@ -1007,6 +1007,31 @@ static void node_set_marks(struct xa_node *node, unsigned int offset,
>> }
>> }
>> +static struct xa_node *__xas_alloc_node_for_split(struct xa_state *xas,
>> + void *entry, gfp_t gfp)
>> +{
>> + unsigned int i;
>> + void *sibling = NULL;
>> + struct xa_node *node;
>> + unsigned int mask = xas->xa_sibs;
>> +
>> + node = kmem_cache_alloc_lru(radix_tree_node_cachep, xas->xa_lru, gfp);
>> + if (!node)
>> + return NULL;
>> + node->array = xas->xa;
>> + for (i = 0; i < XA_CHUNK_SIZE; i++) {
>> + if ((i & mask) == 0) {
>> + RCU_INIT_POINTER(node->slots[i], entry);
>> + sibling = xa_mk_sibling(i);
>> + } else {
>> + RCU_INIT_POINTER(node->slots[i], sibling);
>> + }
>> + }
>> + RCU_INIT_POINTER(node->parent, xas->xa_alloc);
>> +
>> + return node;
>> +}
>> +
>> /**
>> * xas_split_alloc() - Allocate memory for splitting an entry.
>> * @xas: XArray operation state.
>> @@ -1025,7 +1050,6 @@ void xas_split_alloc(struct xa_state *xas, void *entry, unsigned int order,
>> gfp_t gfp)
>> {
>> unsigned int sibs = (1 << (order % XA_CHUNK_SHIFT)) - 1;
>> - unsigned int mask = xas->xa_sibs;
>> /* XXX: no support for splitting really large entries yet */
>> if (WARN_ON(xas->xa_shift + 2 * XA_CHUNK_SHIFT <= order))
>> @@ -1034,23 +1058,9 @@ void xas_split_alloc(struct xa_state *xas, void *entry, unsigned int order,
>> return;
>> do {
>> - unsigned int i;
>> - void *sibling = NULL;
>> - struct xa_node *node;
>> -
>> - node = kmem_cache_alloc_lru(radix_tree_node_cachep, xas->xa_lru, gfp);
>> + struct xa_node *node = __xas_alloc_node_for_split(xas, entry, gfp);
>> if (!node)
>> goto nomem;
>> - node->array = xas->xa;
>> - for (i = 0; i < XA_CHUNK_SIZE; i++) {
>> - if ((i & mask) == 0) {
>> - RCU_INIT_POINTER(node->slots[i], entry);
>> - sibling = xa_mk_sibling(i);
>> - } else {
>> - RCU_INIT_POINTER(node->slots[i], sibling);
>> - }
>> - }
>> - RCU_INIT_POINTER(node->parent, xas->xa_alloc);
>> xas->xa_alloc = node;
>> } while (sibs-- > 0);
>> @@ -1122,6 +1132,102 @@ void xas_split(struct xa_state *xas, void *entry, unsigned int order)
>> xas_update(xas, node);
>> }
>> EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(xas_split);
>> +
>> +/**
>> + * xas_try_split() - Try to split a multi-index entry.
>> + * @xas: XArray operation state.
>> + * @entry: New entry to store in the array.
>> + * @order: Current entry order.
>> + * @gfp: Memory allocation flags.
>> + *
>> + * The size of the new entries is set in @xas. The value in @entry is
>> + * copied to all the replacement entries. If and only if one xa_node needs to
>> + * be allocated, the function will use @gfp to get one. If more xa_node are
>> + * needed, the function gives EINVAL error.
>> + *
>> + * Context: Any context. The caller should hold the xa_lock.
>> + */
>> +void xas_try_split(struct xa_state *xas, void *entry, unsigned int order,
>> + gfp_t gfp)
>
> The xas_try_split() may sleep if ‘gfp’ flags permit while holding the xa_lock, which can cause issues. So can we add a check for the ‘gfp’ or only use GFP_NOWAIT?
You mean only allow gfp to be GFP_NOWAIT or GFP_ATOMIC?
Best Regards,
Yan, Zi
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