linux-kernel - [PATCH 3/3] bpf: WQ_PERCPU added to alloc

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Message-ID: <20250905085309.94596-4-marco.crivellari@suse.com>
Date: Fri,  5 Sep 2025 10:53:09 +0200
From: Marco Crivellari <marco.crivellari@...e.com>
To: linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	bpf@...r.kernel.org
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@...nel.org>,
	Lai Jiangshan <jiangshanlai@...il.com>,
	Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@...nel.org>,
	Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@...utronix.de>,
	Marco Crivellari <marco.crivellari@...e.com>,
	Michal Hocko <mhocko@...e.com>,
	Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...nel.org>,
	Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>,
	Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@...nel.org>
Subject: [PATCH 3/3] bpf: WQ_PERCPU added to alloc_workqueue users

Currently if a user enqueue a work item using schedule_delayed_work() the
used wq is "system_wq" (per-cpu wq) while queue_delayed_work() use
WORK_CPU_UNBOUND (used when a cpu is not specified). The same applies to
schedule_work() that is using system_wq and queue_work(), that makes use
again of WORK_CPU_UNBOUND.
This lack of consistentcy cannot be addressed without refactoring the API.

alloc_workqueue() treats all queues as per-CPU by default, while unbound
workqueues must opt-in via WQ_UNBOUND.

This default is suboptimal: most workloads benefit from unbound queues,
allowing the scheduler to place worker threads where they’re needed and
reducing noise when CPUs are isolated.

This default is suboptimal: most workloads benefit from unbound queues,
allowing the scheduler to place worker threads where they’re needed and
reducing noise when CPUs are isolated.

This patch adds a new WQ_PERCPU flag to explicitly request the use of
the per-CPU behavior. Both flags coexist for one release cycle to allow
callers to transition their calls.

Once migration is complete, WQ_UNBOUND can be removed and unbound will
become the implicit default.

With the introduction of the WQ_PERCPU flag (equivalent to !WQ_UNBOUND),
any alloc_workqueue() caller that doesn’t explicitly specify WQ_UNBOUND
must now use WQ_PERCPU.

All existing users have been updated accordingly.

Suggested-by: Tejun Heo <tj@...nel.org>
Signed-off-by: Marco Crivellari <marco.crivellari@...e.com>
---
 kernel/bpf/cgroup.c | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/kernel/bpf/cgroup.c b/kernel/bpf/cgroup.c
index b8699ec4d766..f3da9400c178 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/cgroup.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/cgroup.c
@@ -34,7 +34,8 @@ static struct workqueue_struct *cgroup_bpf_destroy_wq;

 static int __init cgroup_bpf_wq_init(void)
 {
-	cgroup_bpf_destroy_wq = alloc_workqueue("cgroup_bpf_destroy", 0, 1);
+	cgroup_bpf_destroy_wq = alloc_workqueue("cgroup_bpf_destroy",
+						WQ_PERCPU, 1);
 	if (!cgroup_bpf_destroy_wq)
 		panic("Failed to alloc workqueue for cgroup bpf destroy.\n");
 	return 0;
-- 
2.51.0