linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH] sched/rt: Skip currently executing CPU in rto_next

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Message-ID: <xhsmhecnyorcz.mognet@vschneid-thinkpadt14sgen2i.remote.csb>
Date: Fri, 09 Jan 2026 14:19:56 +0100
From: Valentin Schneider <vschneid@...hat.com>
To: Chen Jinghuang <chenjinghuang2@...wei.com>, Ingo Molnar
 <mingo@...hat.com>, Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>, Juri Lelli
 <juri.lelli@...hat.com>, Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@...aro.org>
Cc: Dietmar Eggemann <dietmar.eggemann@....com>, Steven Rostedt
 <rostedt@...dmis.org>, Ben Segall <bsegall@...gle.com>, Mel Gorman
 <mgorman@...e.de>, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH] sched/rt: Skip currently executing CPU in rto_next_cpu()

On 08/01/26 07:03, Chen Jinghuang wrote:
> CPU0 becomes overloaded when hosting a CPU-bound RT task, a non-CPU-bound
> RT task, and a CFS task stuck in kernel space. When other CPUs switch from
> RT to non-RT tasks, RT load balancing (LB) is triggered; with
> HAVE_RT_PUSH_IPI enabled, they send IPIs to CPU0 to drive the execution
> of rto_push_irq_work_func. During push_rt_task on CPU0,
> if next_task->prio < rq->donor->prio, resched_curr() sets NEED_RESCHED
> and after the push operation completes, CPU0 calls rto_next_cpu().
> Since only CPU0 is overloaded in this scenario, rto_next_cpu() should
> ideally return -1 (no further IPI needed).
>
> However, multiple CPUs invoking tell_cpu_to_push() during LB increments
> rd->rto_loop_next. Even when rd->rto_cpu is set to -1, the mismatch between
> rd->rto_loop and rd->rto_loop_next forces rto_next_cpu() to restart its
> search from -1. With CPU0 remaining overloaded (satisfying rt_nr_migratory
> && rt_nr_total > 1), it gets reselected, causing CPU0 to queue irq_work to
> itself and send self-IPIs repeatedly. As long as CPU0 stays overloaded and
> other CPUs run pull_rt_tasks(), it falls into an infinite self-IPI loop,
> which triggers a CPU hardlockup due to continuous self-interrupts.
>
> The trigging scenario is as follows:
>
>          cpu0                      cpu1                    cpu2
>                                 pull_rt_task
>                               tell_cpu_to_push
>                  <------------irq_work_queue_on
> rto_push_irq_work_func
>        push_rt_task
>     resched_curr(rq)                                   pull_rt_task
>     rto_next_cpu                                     tell_cpu_to_push
>                       <-------------------------- atomic_inc(rto_loop_next)
> rd->rto_loop != next
>      rto_next_cpu
>    irq_work_queue_on
> rto_push_irq_work_func
>
> Fix redundant self-IPI by filtering the initiating CPU in rto_next_cpu().
> This solution has been verified to effectively eliminate spurious self-IPIs
> and prevent CPU hardlockup scenarios.
>
> Fixes: 4bdced5c9a29 ("sched/rt: Simplify the IPI based RT balancing logic")
> Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@...dmis.org>
> Suggested-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@....com>
> Signed-off-by: Chen Jinghuang <chenjinghuang2@...wei.com>
> Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@...dmis.org>
>

Reviewed-by: Valentin Schneider <vschneid@...hat.com>