netdev - [PATCH 2/3] mm: page_counter: rearrange struct page

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Message-Id: <20220822001737.4120417-3-shakeelb@google.com>
Date:   Mon, 22 Aug 2022 00:17:36 +0000
From:   Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@...gle.com>
To:     Johannes Weiner <hannes@...xchg.org>,
        Michal Hocko <mhocko@...nel.org>,
        Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@...ux.dev>,
        Muchun Song <songmuchun@...edance.com>
Cc:     "Michal Koutný" <mkoutny@...e.com>,
        Eric Dumazet <edumazet@...gle.com>,
        Soheil Hassas Yeganeh <soheil@...gle.com>,
        Feng Tang <feng.tang@...el.com>,
        Oliver Sang <oliver.sang@...el.com>,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>, lkp@...ts.01.org,
        cgroups@...r.kernel.org, linux-mm@...ck.org,
        netdev@...r.kernel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@...gle.com>
Subject: [PATCH 2/3] mm: page_counter: rearrange struct page_counter fields

With memcg v2 enabled, memcg->memory.usage is a very hot member for
the workloads doing memcg charging on multiple CPUs concurrently.
Particularly the network intensive workloads. In addition, there is a
false cache sharing between memory.usage and memory.high on the charge
path. This patch moves the usage into a separate cacheline and move all
the read most fields into separate cacheline.

To evaluate the impact of this optimization, on a 72 CPUs machine, we
ran the following workload in a three level of cgroup hierarchy with top
level having min and low setup appropriately. More specifically
memory.min equal to size of netperf binary and memory.low double of
that.

 $ netserver -6
 # 36 instances of netperf with following params
 $ netperf -6 -H ::1 -l 60 -t TCP_SENDFILE -- -m 10K

Results (average throughput of netperf):
Without (6.0-rc1)	10482.7 Mbps
With patch		12413.7 Mbps (18.4% improvement)

With the patch, the throughput improved by 18.4%.

One side-effect of this patch is the increase in the size of struct
mem_cgroup. However for the performance improvement, this additional
size is worth it. In addition there are opportunities to reduce the size
of struct mem_cgroup like deprecation of kmem and tcpmem page counters
and better packing.

Signed-off-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@...gle.com>
Reported-by: kernel test robot <oliver.sang@...el.com>
---
 include/linux/page_counter.h | 34 +++++++++++++++++++++++-----------
 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/page_counter.h b/include/linux/page_counter.h
index 679591301994..8ce99bde645f 100644
--- a/include/linux/page_counter.h
+++ b/include/linux/page_counter.h
@@ -3,15 +3,27 @@
 #define _LINUX_PAGE_COUNTER_H
 
 #include <linux/atomic.h>
+#include <linux/cache.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <asm/page.h>
 
+#if defined(CONFIG_SMP)
+struct pc_padding {
+	char x[0];
+} ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
+#define PC_PADDING(name)	struct pc_padding name
+#else
+#define PC_PADDING(name)
+#endif
+
 struct page_counter {
+	/*
+	 * Make sure 'usage' does not share cacheline with any other field. The
+	 * memcg->memory.usage is a hot member of struct mem_cgroup.
+	 */
+	PC_PADDING(_pad1_);
 	atomic_long_t usage;
-	unsigned long min;
-	unsigned long low;
-	unsigned long high;
-	unsigned long max;
+	PC_PADDING(_pad2_);
 
 	/* effective memory.min and memory.min usage tracking */
 	unsigned long emin;
@@ -23,16 +35,16 @@ struct page_counter {
 	atomic_long_t low_usage;
 	atomic_long_t children_low_usage;
 
-	/* legacy */
 	unsigned long watermark;
 	unsigned long failcnt;
 
-	/*
-	 * 'parent' is placed here to be far from 'usage' to reduce
-	 * cache false sharing, as 'usage' is written mostly while
-	 * parent is frequently read for cgroup's hierarchical
-	 * counting nature.
-	 */
+	/* Keep all the read most fields in a separete cacheline. */
+	PC_PADDING(_pad3_);
+
+	unsigned long min;
+	unsigned long low;
+	unsigned long high;
+	unsigned long max;
 	struct page_counter *parent;
 };
 
-- 
2.37.1.595.g718a3a8f04-goog