linux-kernel - Re: [RFC PATCH 0/11] Support Write-Through mapping on x86

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Date:	Tue, 15 Jul 2014 13:09:13 -0700
From:	"H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@...or.com>
To:	Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@...com>, tglx@...utronix.de,
	mingo@...hat.com, akpm@...ux-foundation.org, arnd@...db.de,
	konrad.wilk@...cle.com, plagnioj@...osoft.com,
	tomi.valkeinen@...com
CC:	linux-mm@...ck.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	stefan.bader@...onical.com, luto@...capital.net, airlied@...il.com,
	bp@...en8.de
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH 0/11] Support Write-Through mapping on x86

On 07/15/2014 12:34 PM, Toshi Kani wrote:
> This RFC patchset is aimed to seek comments/suggestions for the design
> and changes to support of Write-Through (WT) mapping.  The study below
> shows that using WT mapping may be useful for non-volatile memory.
> 
>   http://www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/2012/HPL-2012-236.pdf
> 
> There were idea & patches to support WT in the past, which stimulated
> very valuable discussions on this topic.
> 
>   https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/4/24/424
>   https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/10/27/70
>   https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/11/3/72
> 
> This RFC patchset tries to address the issues raised by taking the
> following design approach:
> 
>  - Keep the MTRR interface
>  - Keep the WB, WC, and UC- slots in the PAT MSR
>  - Keep the PAT bit unused
>  - Reassign the UC slot to WT in the PAT MSR
> 
> There are 4 usable slots in the PAT MSR, which are currently assigned to:
> 
>   PA0/4: WB, PA1/5: WC, PA2/6: UC-, PA3/7: UC
> 
> The PAT bit is unused since it shares the same bit as the PSE bit and
> there was a bug in older processors.  Among the 4 slots, the uncached
> memory type consumes 2 slots, UC- and UC.  They are functionally
> equivalent, but UC- allows MTRRs to overwrite it with WC.  All interfaces
> that set the uncached memory type use UC- in order to work with MTRRs.
> The PA3/7 slot is effectively unused today.  Therefore, this patchset
> reassigns the PA3/7 slot to WT.  If MTRRs get deprecated in future,
> UC- can be reassigned to UC, and there is still no need to consume
> 2 slots for the uncached memory type.

Not going to happen any time in the forseeable future.

Furthermore, I don't think it is a big deal if on some old, buggy
processors we take the performance hit of cache type demotion, as long
as we don't actively lose data.

> This patchset is consist of two parts.  The 1st part, patch [1/11] to
> [6/11], enables WT mapping and adds new interfaces for setting WT mapping.
> The 2nd part, patch [7/11] to [11/11], cleans up the code that has
> internal knowledge of the PAT slot assignment.  This keeps the kernel
> code independent from the PAT slot assignment.

I have given this piece of feedback at least three times now, possibly
to different people, and I'm getting a bit grumpy about it:

We already have an issue with Xen, because Xen assigned mappings
differently and it is incompatible with the use of PAT in Linux.  As a
result we get requests for hacks to work around this, which is something
I really don't want to see.  I would like to see a design involving a
"reverse PAT" table where the kernel can hold the mapping between memory
types and page table encodings (including the two different ones for
small and large pages.)

	-hpa

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