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Message-ID: <20150918085732.GC11639@twins.programming.kicks-ass.net>
Date:	Fri, 18 Sep 2015 10:57:32 +0200
From:	Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>
To:	Oleg Nesterov <oleg@...hat.com>
Cc:	Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@...gle.com>, ebiederm@...ssion.com,
	Al Viro <viro@...iv.linux.org.uk>,
	Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
	Ingo Molnar <mingo@...nel.org>,
	Paul McKenney <paulmck@...ux.vnet.ibm.com>, mhocko@...e.cz,
	LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>, ktsan@...glegroups.com,
	Kostya Serebryany <kcc@...gle.com>,
	Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@...gle.com>,
	Alexander Potapenko <glider@...gle.com>,
	Hans Boehm <hboehm@...gle.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] kernel: fix data race in put_pid

On Fri, Sep 18, 2015 at 10:51:56AM +0200, Peter Zijlstra wrote:
> That would upgrade the atomic_read() path to a full READ_ONCE_CTRL(),
> and thereby avoid any of the kmem_cache_free() stores from leaking out.

That said, on my TODO list is an item to review all atomic_{read,set}()
implementation to ensure they're (at least) {READ,WRITE}_ONCE().

A quick scan left me with this. There were indeed a few archs lacking
READ_ONCE (or ACCESS_ONCE) for atomic_read() and hardly anybody used
WRITE_ONCE() (or ACCESS_ONCE casting) for atomic_set().

---
 arch/alpha/include/asm/atomic.h        | 8 ++++----
 arch/arc/include/asm/atomic.h          | 8 ++++----
 arch/arm/include/asm/atomic.h          | 4 ++--
 arch/arm64/include/asm/atomic.h        | 2 +-
 arch/avr32/include/asm/atomic.h        | 4 ++--
 arch/frv/include/asm/atomic.h          | 4 ++--
 arch/h8300/include/asm/atomic.h        | 4 ++--
 arch/hexagon/include/asm/atomic.h      | 2 +-
 arch/ia64/include/asm/atomic.h         | 8 ++++----
 arch/m32r/include/asm/atomic.h         | 4 ++--
 arch/m68k/include/asm/atomic.h         | 4 ++--
 arch/metag/include/asm/atomic_lnkget.h | 3 ++-
 arch/metag/include/asm/atomic_lock1.h  | 2 +-
 arch/mips/include/asm/atomic.h         | 8 ++++----
 arch/mn10300/include/asm/atomic.h      | 4 ++--
 arch/parisc/include/asm/atomic.h       | 2 +-
 arch/sh/include/asm/atomic.h           | 4 ++--
 arch/sparc/include/asm/atomic_64.h     | 8 ++++----
 arch/tile/include/asm/atomic.h         | 2 +-
 arch/tile/include/asm/atomic_64.h      | 6 +++---
 arch/x86/include/asm/atomic.h          | 4 ++--
 arch/x86/include/asm/atomic64_64.h     | 4 ++--
 arch/xtensa/include/asm/atomic.h       | 4 ++--
 include/asm-generic/atomic.h           | 4 ++--
 24 files changed, 54 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/alpha/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/alpha/include/asm/atomic.h
index e8c956098424..572b228c44c7 100644
--- a/arch/alpha/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/alpha/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@
 #define ATOMIC_INIT(i)		{ (i) }
 #define ATOMIC64_INIT(i)	{ (i) }
 
-#define atomic_read(v)		ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
-#define atomic64_read(v)	ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic_read(v)		READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic64_read(v)	READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
 
-#define atomic_set(v,i)		((v)->counter = (i))
-#define atomic64_set(v,i)	((v)->counter = (i))
+#define atomic_set(v,i)		WRITE_ONCE((v)->counter, (i))
+#define atomic64_set(v,i)	WRITE_ONCE((v)->counter, (i))
 
 /*
  * To get proper branch prediction for the main line, we must branch
diff --git a/arch/arc/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/arc/include/asm/atomic.h
index c3ecda023e3a..7730d302cadb 100644
--- a/arch/arc/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/arc/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@
 #include <asm/barrier.h>
 #include <asm/smp.h>
 
-#define atomic_read(v)  ((v)->counter)
+#define atomic_read(v)  READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_ARC_HAS_LLSC
 
-#define atomic_set(v, i) (((v)->counter) = (i))
+#define atomic_set(v, i) WRITE_ONCE(((v)->counter), (i))
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_ARC_STAR_9000923308
 
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ static inline int atomic_##op##_return(int i, atomic_t *v)		\
 #ifndef CONFIG_SMP
 
  /* violating atomic_xxx API locking protocol in UP for optimization sake */
-#define atomic_set(v, i) (((v)->counter) = (i))
+#define atomic_set(v, i) WRITE_ONCE(((v)->counter), (i))
 
 #else
 
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ static inline void atomic_set(atomic_t *v, int i)
 	unsigned long flags;
 
 	atomic_ops_lock(flags);
-	v->counter = i;
+	WRITE_ONCE(v->counter, i);
 	atomic_ops_unlock(flags);
 }
 
diff --git a/arch/arm/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/arm/include/asm/atomic.h
index fe3ef397f5a4..2bf80afb7841 100644
--- a/arch/arm/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/arm/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@
  * strex/ldrex monitor on some implementations. The reason we can use it for
  * atomic_set() is the clrex or dummy strex done on every exception return.
  */
-#define atomic_read(v)	ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
-#define atomic_set(v,i)	(((v)->counter) = (i))
+#define atomic_read(v)	READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic_set(v,i)	WRITE_ONCE(((v)->counter), (i))
 
 #if __LINUX_ARM_ARCH__ >= 6
 
diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/atomic.h
index 35a67783cfa0..1e247ac2601a 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
 #define ATOMIC_INIT(i)	{ (i) }
 
 #define atomic_read(v)			READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
-#define atomic_set(v, i)		(((v)->counter) = (i))
+#define atomic_set(v, i)		WRITE_ONCE(((v)->counter), (i))
 #define atomic_xchg(v, new)		xchg(&((v)->counter), (new))
 #define atomic_cmpxchg(v, old, new)	cmpxchg(&((v)->counter), (old), (new))
 
diff --git a/arch/avr32/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/avr32/include/asm/atomic.h
index 97c9bdf83409..d74fd8ce980a 100644
--- a/arch/avr32/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/avr32/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@
 
 #define ATOMIC_INIT(i)  { (i) }
 
-#define atomic_read(v)		ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
-#define atomic_set(v, i)	(((v)->counter) = i)
+#define atomic_read(v)		READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic_set(v, i)	WRITE_ONCE(((v)->counter), (i))
 
 #define ATOMIC_OP_RETURN(op, asm_op, asm_con)				\
 static inline int __atomic_##op##_return(int i, atomic_t *v)		\
diff --git a/arch/frv/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/frv/include/asm/atomic.h
index 0da689def4cc..64f02d451aa8 100644
--- a/arch/frv/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/frv/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@
  */
 
 #define ATOMIC_INIT(i)		{ (i) }
-#define atomic_read(v)		ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
-#define atomic_set(v, i)	(((v)->counter) = (i))
+#define atomic_read(v)		READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic_set(v, i)	WRITE_ONCE(((v)->counter), (i))
 
 static inline int atomic_inc_return(atomic_t *v)
 {
diff --git a/arch/h8300/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/h8300/include/asm/atomic.h
index 702ee539f87d..4435a445ae7e 100644
--- a/arch/h8300/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/h8300/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@
 
 #define ATOMIC_INIT(i)	{ (i) }
 
-#define atomic_read(v)		ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
-#define atomic_set(v, i)	(((v)->counter) = i)
+#define atomic_read(v)		READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic_set(v, i)	WRITE_ONCE(((v)->counter), (i))
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 
diff --git a/arch/hexagon/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/hexagon/include/asm/atomic.h
index 811d61f6422d..55696c4100d4 100644
--- a/arch/hexagon/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/hexagon/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ static inline void atomic_set(atomic_t *v, int new)
  *
  * Assumes all word reads on our architecture are atomic.
  */
-#define atomic_read(v)		((v)->counter)
+#define atomic_read(v)		READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
 
 /**
  * atomic_xchg - atomic
diff --git a/arch/ia64/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/ia64/include/asm/atomic.h
index be4beeb77d57..8dfb5f6f6c35 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/ia64/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@
 #define ATOMIC_INIT(i)		{ (i) }
 #define ATOMIC64_INIT(i)	{ (i) }
 
-#define atomic_read(v)		ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
-#define atomic64_read(v)	ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic_read(v)		READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic64_read(v)	READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
 
-#define atomic_set(v,i)		(((v)->counter) = (i))
-#define atomic64_set(v,i)	(((v)->counter) = (i))
+#define atomic_set(v,i)		WRITE_ONCE(((v)->counter), (i))
+#define atomic64_set(v,i)	WRITE_ONCE(((v)->counter), (i))
 
 #define ATOMIC_OP(op, c_op)						\
 static __inline__ int							\
diff --git a/arch/m32r/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/m32r/include/asm/atomic.h
index 025e2a170493..ea35160d632b 100644
--- a/arch/m32r/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/m32r/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
  *
  * Atomically reads the value of @v.
  */
-#define atomic_read(v)	ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic_read(v)	READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
 
 /**
  * atomic_set - set atomic variable
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
  *
  * Atomically sets the value of @v to @i.
  */
-#define atomic_set(v,i)	(((v)->counter) = (i))
+#define atomic_set(v,i)	WRITE_ONCE(((v)->counter), (i))
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_CHIP_M32700_TS1
 #define __ATOMIC_CLOBBER	, "r4"
diff --git a/arch/m68k/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/m68k/include/asm/atomic.h
index 039fac120cc0..4858178260f9 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/m68k/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 
 #define ATOMIC_INIT(i)	{ (i) }
 
-#define atomic_read(v)		ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
-#define atomic_set(v, i)	(((v)->counter) = i)
+#define atomic_read(v)		READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic_set(v, i)	WRITE_ONCE(((v)->counter), (i))
 
 /*
  * The ColdFire parts cannot do some immediate to memory operations,
diff --git a/arch/metag/include/asm/atomic_lnkget.h b/arch/metag/include/asm/atomic_lnkget.h
index 21c4c268b86c..1bd21c933435 100644
--- a/arch/metag/include/asm/atomic_lnkget.h
+++ b/arch/metag/include/asm/atomic_lnkget.h
@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
 
 #define ATOMIC_INIT(i)	{ (i) }
 
-#define atomic_set(v, i)		((v)->counter = (i))
+/* XXX: should be LNKSETD ? */
+#define atomic_set(v, i)		WRITE_ONCE((v)->counter, (i))
 
 #include <linux/compiler.h>
 
diff --git a/arch/metag/include/asm/atomic_lock1.h b/arch/metag/include/asm/atomic_lock1.h
index f8efe380fe8b..0295d9b8d5bf 100644
--- a/arch/metag/include/asm/atomic_lock1.h
+++ b/arch/metag/include/asm/atomic_lock1.h
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 
 static inline int atomic_read(const atomic_t *v)
 {
-	return (v)->counter;
+	return READ_ONCE((v)->counter);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/arch/mips/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/mips/include/asm/atomic.h
index 4c42fd9af777..f82d3af07931 100644
--- a/arch/mips/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/mips/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
  *
  * Atomically reads the value of @v.
  */
-#define atomic_read(v)		ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic_read(v)		READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
 
 /*
  * atomic_set - set atomic variable
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
  *
  * Atomically sets the value of @v to @i.
  */
-#define atomic_set(v, i)		((v)->counter = (i))
+#define atomic_set(v, i)	WRITE_ONCE((v)->counter, (i))
 
 #define ATOMIC_OP(op, c_op, asm_op)					      \
 static __inline__ void atomic_##op(int i, atomic_t * v)			      \
@@ -315,14 +315,14 @@ static __inline__ int __atomic_add_unless(atomic_t *v, int a, int u)
  * @v: pointer of type atomic64_t
  *
  */
-#define atomic64_read(v)	ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic64_read(v)	READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
 
 /*
  * atomic64_set - set atomic variable
  * @v: pointer of type atomic64_t
  * @i: required value
  */
-#define atomic64_set(v, i)	((v)->counter = (i))
+#define atomic64_set(v, i)	WRITE_ONCE((v)->counter, (i))
 
 #define ATOMIC64_OP(op, c_op, asm_op)					      \
 static __inline__ void atomic64_##op(long i, atomic64_t * v)		      \
diff --git a/arch/mn10300/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/mn10300/include/asm/atomic.h
index 375e59140c9c..ce318d5ab23b 100644
--- a/arch/mn10300/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/mn10300/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
  *
  * Atomically reads the value of @v.  Note that the guaranteed
  */
-#define atomic_read(v)	(ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter))
+#define atomic_read(v)	READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
 
 /**
  * atomic_set - set atomic variable
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
  *
  * Atomically sets the value of @v to @i.  Note that the guaranteed
  */
-#define atomic_set(v, i) (((v)->counter) = (i))
+#define atomic_set(v, i) WRITE_ONCE(((v)->counter), (i))
 
 #define ATOMIC_OP(op)							\
 static inline void atomic_##op(int i, atomic_t *v)			\
diff --git a/arch/parisc/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/parisc/include/asm/atomic.h
index 2536965d00ea..1d109990a022 100644
--- a/arch/parisc/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/parisc/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ static __inline__ void atomic_set(atomic_t *v, int i)
 
 static __inline__ int atomic_read(const atomic_t *v)
 {
-	return ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter);
+	return READ_ONCE((v)->counter);
 }
 
 /* exported interface */
diff --git a/arch/sh/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/sh/include/asm/atomic.h
index 05b9f74ce2d5..c399e1c55685 100644
--- a/arch/sh/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/sh/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
 
 #define ATOMIC_INIT(i)	{ (i) }
 
-#define atomic_read(v)		ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
-#define atomic_set(v,i)		((v)->counter = (i))
+#define atomic_read(v)		READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic_set(v,i)		WRITE_ONCE((v)->counter, (i))
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_GUSA_RB)
 #include <asm/atomic-grb.h>
diff --git a/arch/sparc/include/asm/atomic_64.h b/arch/sparc/include/asm/atomic_64.h
index 917084ace49d..f2fbf9e16faf 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/include/asm/atomic_64.h
+++ b/arch/sparc/include/asm/atomic_64.h
@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@
 #define ATOMIC_INIT(i)		{ (i) }
 #define ATOMIC64_INIT(i)	{ (i) }
 
-#define atomic_read(v)		ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
-#define atomic64_read(v)	ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic_read(v)		READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic64_read(v)	READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
 
-#define atomic_set(v, i)	(((v)->counter) = i)
-#define atomic64_set(v, i)	(((v)->counter) = i)
+#define atomic_set(v, i)	WRITE_ONCE(((v)->counter), (i))
+#define atomic64_set(v, i)	WRITE_ONCE(((v)->counter), (i))
 
 #define ATOMIC_OP(op)							\
 void atomic_##op(int, atomic_t *);					\
diff --git a/arch/tile/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/tile/include/asm/atomic.h
index 709798460763..9fc0107a9c5e 100644
--- a/arch/tile/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/tile/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
  */
 static inline int atomic_read(const atomic_t *v)
 {
-	return ACCESS_ONCE(v->counter);
+	return READ_ONCE(v->counter);
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/arch/tile/include/asm/atomic_64.h b/arch/tile/include/asm/atomic_64.h
index 096a56d6ead4..51cabc26e387 100644
--- a/arch/tile/include/asm/atomic_64.h
+++ b/arch/tile/include/asm/atomic_64.h
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 
 /* First, the 32-bit atomic ops that are "real" on our 64-bit platform. */
 
-#define atomic_set(v, i) ((v)->counter = (i))
+#define atomic_set(v, i) WRITE_ONCE((v)->counter, (i))
 
 /*
  * The smp_mb() operations throughout are to support the fact that
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ static inline void atomic_xor(int i, atomic_t *v)
 
 #define ATOMIC64_INIT(i)	{ (i) }
 
-#define atomic64_read(v)		((v)->counter)
-#define atomic64_set(v, i) ((v)->counter = (i))
+#define atomic64_read(v)	READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic64_set(v, i)	WRITE_ONCE((v)->counter, (i))
 
 static inline void atomic64_add(long i, atomic64_t *v)
 {
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/atomic.h
index fb52aa644aab..ae5fb83e6d91 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  */
 static __always_inline int atomic_read(const atomic_t *v)
 {
-	return ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter);
+	return READ_ONCE((v)->counter);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ static __always_inline int atomic_read(const atomic_t *v)
  */
 static __always_inline void atomic_set(atomic_t *v, int i)
 {
-	v->counter = i;
+	WRITE_ONCE(v->counter, i);
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/atomic64_64.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/atomic64_64.h
index 50e33eff58de..037351022f54 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/atomic64_64.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/atomic64_64.h
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
  */
 static inline long atomic64_read(const atomic64_t *v)
 {
-	return ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter);
+	return READ_ONCE((v)->counter);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ static inline long atomic64_read(const atomic64_t *v)
  */
 static inline void atomic64_set(atomic64_t *v, long i)
 {
-	v->counter = i;
+	WRITE_ONCE(v->counter, i);
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/arch/xtensa/include/asm/atomic.h b/arch/xtensa/include/asm/atomic.h
index 93795d047303..fd8017ce298a 100644
--- a/arch/xtensa/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/arch/xtensa/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
  *
  * Atomically reads the value of @v.
  */
-#define atomic_read(v)		ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic_read(v)		READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
 
 /**
  * atomic_set - set atomic variable
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
  *
  * Atomically sets the value of @v to @i.
  */
-#define atomic_set(v,i)		((v)->counter = (i))
+#define atomic_set(v,i)		WRITE_ONCE((v)->counter, (i))
 
 #if XCHAL_HAVE_S32C1I
 #define ATOMIC_OP(op)							\
diff --git a/include/asm-generic/atomic.h b/include/asm-generic/atomic.h
index d4d7e337fdcb..74f1a3704d7a 100644
--- a/include/asm-generic/atomic.h
+++ b/include/asm-generic/atomic.h
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ ATOMIC_OP(xor, ^)
  * Atomically reads the value of @v.
  */
 #ifndef atomic_read
-#define atomic_read(v)	ACCESS_ONCE((v)->counter)
+#define atomic_read(v)	READ_ONCE((v)->counter)
 #endif
 
 /**
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ ATOMIC_OP(xor, ^)
  *
  * Atomically sets the value of @v to @i.
  */
-#define atomic_set(v, i) (((v)->counter) = (i))
+#define atomic_set(v, i) WRITE_ONCE(((v)->counter), (i))
 
 #include <linux/irqflags.h>
 
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