linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH] perf/core: generate overflow signal when samples are dropped (WAS: Re: [REGRESSION] perf/core: PMU interrupts dropped if we entered the kernel in the "skid" region)

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Date:   Thu, 29 Jun 2017 11:13:51 +0300
From:   Alexey Budankov <alexey.budankov@...ux.intel.com>
To:     Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@....com>,
        Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@...ne.edu>
Cc:     Kyle Huey <me@...ehuey.com>, "Jin, Yao" <yao.jin@...ux.intel.com>,
        Ingo Molnar <mingo@...nel.org>,
        "Peter Zijlstra (Intel)" <peterz@...radead.org>,
        stable@...r.kernel.org,
        Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@...ux.intel.com>,
        Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@...hat.com>,
        Jiri Olsa <jolsa@...hat.com>,
        Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
        Namhyung Kim <namhyung@...nel.org>,
        Stephane Eranian <eranian@...gle.com>,
        Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>, acme@...nel.org,
        jolsa@...nel.org, kan.liang@...el.com,
        Will Deacon <will.deacon@....com>, gregkh@...uxfoundation.org,
        Robert O'Callahan <robert@...llahan.org>,
        open list <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] perf/core: generate overflow signal when samples are
 dropped (WAS: Re: [REGRESSION] perf/core: PMU interrupts dropped if we
 entered the kernel in the "skid" region)

Hi Folks,

On 28.06.2017 16:07, Mark Rutland wrote:
> On Wed, Jun 28, 2017 at 08:40:30AM -0400, Vince Weaver wrote:
>> On Wed, 28 Jun 2017, Mark Rutland wrote:
>>
>>> On Wed, Jun 28, 2017 at 11:12:48AM +0100, Mark Rutland wrote:
>>
>>> Instead of bailing out early in perf_event_overflow, we can bail prior
>>> to performing the actual sampling in __perf_event_output(). This avoids
>>> the information leak, but preserves the generation of the signal.
>>>
>>> Since we don't place any sample data into the ring buffer, the signal is
>>> arguably spurious. However, a userspace ringbuffer consumer can already
>>> consume data prior to taking the associated signals, and therefore must
>>> handle spurious signals to operate correctly. Thus, this signal
>>> shouldn't be harmful.
>>
>> this could still break some of my perf_event validation tests.
>>
>> Ones that set up a sampling event for every 1M instructions, run for 100M 
>> instructions, and expect there to be 100 samples received.
> 
> Is that test reliable today?
> 
> I'd expect that at least on ARM it's not, given that events can be
> counted imprecisely, and mode filters can be applied imprecisely. So you
> might get fewer (or more) samples. I'd imagine similar is true on other
> archtiectures.
> 
> If sampling took long enough, the existing ratelimiting could come into
> effect, too.
> 
> Surely that already has some error margin?

FYI.

>From my recent experience and observation (on Intel Xeon Phi) 
wakeup_events_overflow and overflow_poll tests may fail if 
/proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_max_sample_rate is low enough:

# cat /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_max_sample_rate
6000
# abudanko/perf_event_tests/tests/overflow/wakeup_events_overflow
This tests wakeup event overflows.
Testing with wakeup_events=1.
Counts, using mmap buffer 0x7f707b0dc000
	POLL_IN : 10
	POLL_OUT: 0
	POLL_MSG: 0
	POLL_ERR: 0
	POLL_PRI: 0
	POLL_HUP: 0
	UNKNOWN : 0
Testing wakeup events overflow...                            PASSED
# abudanko/perf_event_tests/tests/overflow/overflow_poll
This tests using poll() to catch overflow.
Monitoring pid 131412 status 1407
Child has stopped due to signal 5 (Trace/breakpoint trap)
Continuing child
Returned HUP!
Counts, using mmap buffer 0x7fb3bfe04000
	POLL_IN : 10
	POLL_OUT: 0
	POLL_MSG: 0
	POLL_ERR: 0
	POLL_PRI: 0
	POLL_HUP: 1
	UNKNOWN : 0
Testing catching overflow with poll()...                     PASSED

# echo 1000 > /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_max_sample_rate
# abudanko/perf_event_tests/tests/overflow/overflow_poll
This tests using poll() to catch overflow.
Monitoring pid 131551 status 1407
Child has stopped due to signal 5 (Trace/breakpoint trap)
Continuing child
Returned HUP!
Counts, using mmap buffer 0x7f80532df000
	POLL_IN : 9
	POLL_OUT: 0
	POLL_MSG: 0
	POLL_ERR: 0
	POLL_PRI: 0
	POLL_HUP: 1
	UNKNOWN : 0
Unexpected POLL_IN interrupt.
Testing catching overflow with poll()...                     FAILED
[root@...pdsd52-210 ~]# abudanko/perf_event_tests/tests/overflow/overflow_poll
This tests using poll() to catch overflow.
Monitoring pid 131553 status 1407
Child has stopped due to signal 5 (Trace/breakpoint trap)
Continuing child
Returned HUP!
Counts, using mmap buffer 0x7f650952c000
	POLL_IN : 9
	POLL_OUT: 0
	POLL_MSG: 0
	POLL_ERR: 0
	POLL_PRI: 0
	POLL_HUP: 1
	UNKNOWN : 0
Unexpected POLL_IN interrupt.
Testing catching overflow with poll()...                     FAILED

> 
>> If we're so worried about info leakage, can't we just zero-out the problem 
>> address (or randomize the kernel address) rather than just pretending the 
>> interrupt didn't happen?
> 
> Making up zeroed or randomized data is going to confuse users. I can't
> imagine that real users are going to want bogus samples that they have
> to identify (somehow) in order to skip when processing the data.
> 
> I can see merit in signalling "lost" samples to userspace, so long as
> they're easily distinguished from real samples.
> 
> One option is to fake up a sample using the user regs regardless, but
> that's both fragile and surprising in other cases.
> 
> Thanks,
> Mark.
> 

Thanks,
Alexey