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Message-ID: <CAMj1kXGGeY8odrViZBb3aGmZ4FwaQ++ByTAesW2p5yZEk3cj_Q@mail.gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 8 May 2023 09:31:29 +0200
From: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@...nel.org>
To: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@...ux.intel.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@...en8.de>, Andy Lutomirski <luto@...nel.org>,
Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@...el.com>,
Sean Christopherson <seanjc@...gle.com>,
Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
Joerg Roedel <jroedel@...e.de>,
Andi Kleen <ak@...ux.intel.com>,
Kuppuswamy Sathyanarayanan
<sathyanarayanan.kuppuswamy@...ux.intel.com>,
David Rientjes <rientjes@...gle.com>,
Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@...e.cz>,
Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@....com>,
Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@...hat.com>,
Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>,
Dario Faggioli <dfaggioli@...e.com>,
Mike Rapoport <rppt@...nel.org>,
David Hildenbrand <david@...hat.com>,
Mel Gorman <mgorman@...hsingularity.net>,
marcelo.cerri@...onical.com, tim.gardner@...onical.com,
khalid.elmously@...onical.com, philip.cox@...onical.com,
aarcange@...hat.com, peterx@...hat.com, x86@...nel.org,
linux-mm@...ck.org, linux-coco@...ts.linux.dev,
linux-efi@...r.kernel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCHv10 05/11] x86/boot/compressed: Handle unaccepted memory
On Mon, 8 May 2023 at 01:46, Kirill A. Shutemov
<kirill.shutemov@...ux.intel.com> wrote:
>
> The firmware will pre-accept the memory used to run the stub. But, the
> stub is responsible for accepting the memory into which it decompresses
> the main kernel. Accept memory just before decompression starts.
>
> The stub is also responsible for choosing a physical address in which to
> place the decompressed kernel image. The KASLR mechanism will randomize
> this physical address. Since the unaccepted memory region is relatively
> small, KASLR would be quite ineffective if it only used the pre-accepted
> area (EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY). Ensure that KASLR randomizes among the
> entire physical address space by also including EFI_UNACCEPTED_MEMORY.
>
> Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@...ux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@...nel.org>
> ---
> arch/x86/boot/compressed/Makefile | 2 +-
> arch/x86/boot/compressed/efi.h | 1 +
> arch/x86/boot/compressed/kaslr.c | 35 ++++++++++++++++--------
> arch/x86/boot/compressed/mem.c | 18 ++++++++++++
> arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.c | 6 ++++
> arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.h | 6 ++++
> arch/x86/include/asm/unaccepted_memory.h | 2 ++
> 7 files changed, 57 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/Makefile b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/Makefile
> index f62c02348f9a..74f7adee46ad 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/Makefile
> +++ b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/Makefile
> @@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ endif
>
> vmlinux-objs-$(CONFIG_ACPI) += $(obj)/acpi.o
> vmlinux-objs-$(CONFIG_INTEL_TDX_GUEST) += $(obj)/tdx.o $(obj)/tdcall.o
> -vmlinux-objs-$(CONFIG_UNACCEPTED_MEMORY) += $(obj)/bitmap.o $(obj)/mem.o
> +vmlinux-objs-$(CONFIG_UNACCEPTED_MEMORY) += $(obj)/bitmap.o $(obj)/find.o $(obj)/mem.o
>
> vmlinux-objs-$(CONFIG_EFI) += $(obj)/efi.o
> vmlinux-objs-$(CONFIG_EFI_MIXED) += $(obj)/efi_mixed.o
> diff --git a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/efi.h b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/efi.h
> index 7db2f41b54cd..cf475243b6d5 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/efi.h
> +++ b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/efi.h
> @@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ typedef struct {
> } efi_table_hdr_t;
>
> #define EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY 7
> +#define EFI_UNACCEPTED_MEMORY 15
>
> #define EFI_MEMORY_MORE_RELIABLE \
> ((u64)0x0000000000010000ULL) /* higher reliability */
> diff --git a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/kaslr.c b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/kaslr.c
> index 454757fbdfe5..749f0fe7e446 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/kaslr.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/kaslr.c
> @@ -672,6 +672,28 @@ static bool process_mem_region(struct mem_vector *region,
> }
>
> #ifdef CONFIG_EFI
> +
> +/*
> + * Only EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY and EFI_UNACCEPTED_MEMORY (if supported) are
> + * guaranteed to be free.
> + *
> + * It is more conservative in picking free memory than the EFI spec allows:
> + *
> + * According to the spec, EFI_BOOT_SERVICES_{CODE|DATA} are also free memory
> + * and thus available to place the kernel image into, but in practice there's
> + * firmware where using that memory leads to crashes.
> + */
> +static inline bool memory_type_is_free(efi_memory_desc_t *md)
> +{
> + if (md->type == EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY)
> + return true;
> +
> + if (md->type == EFI_UNACCEPTED_MEMORY)
> + return IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_UNACCEPTED_MEMORY);
> +
> + return false;
> +}
> +
> /*
> * Returns true if we processed the EFI memmap, which we prefer over the E820
> * table if it is available.
> @@ -716,18 +738,7 @@ process_efi_entries(unsigned long minimum, unsigned long image_size)
> for (i = 0; i < nr_desc; i++) {
> md = efi_early_memdesc_ptr(pmap, e->efi_memdesc_size, i);
>
> - /*
> - * Here we are more conservative in picking free memory than
> - * the EFI spec allows:
> - *
> - * According to the spec, EFI_BOOT_SERVICES_{CODE|DATA} are also
> - * free memory and thus available to place the kernel image into,
> - * but in practice there's firmware where using that memory leads
> - * to crashes.
> - *
> - * Only EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY is guaranteed to be free.
> - */
> - if (md->type != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY)
> + if (!memory_type_is_free(md))
> continue;
>
> if (efi_soft_reserve_enabled() &&
> diff --git a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/mem.c b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/mem.c
> index 6b15a0ed8b54..de858a5180b6 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/mem.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/mem.c
> @@ -3,12 +3,15 @@
> #include "../cpuflags.h"
> #include "bitmap.h"
> #include "error.h"
> +#include "find.h"
> #include "math.h"
>
> #define PMD_SHIFT 21
> #define PMD_SIZE (_AC(1, UL) << PMD_SHIFT)
> #define PMD_MASK (~(PMD_SIZE - 1))
>
> +extern struct boot_params *boot_params;
> +
> static inline void __accept_memory(phys_addr_t start, phys_addr_t end)
> {
> /* Platform-specific memory-acceptance call goes here */
> @@ -71,3 +74,18 @@ void process_unaccepted_memory(struct boot_params *params, u64 start, u64 end)
> bitmap_set((unsigned long *)params->unaccepted_memory,
> start / PMD_SIZE, (end - start) / PMD_SIZE);
> }
> +
> +void accept_memory(phys_addr_t start, phys_addr_t end)
> +{
> + unsigned long range_start, range_end;
> + unsigned long *bitmap, bitmap_size;
> +
> + bitmap = (unsigned long *)boot_params->unaccepted_memory;
> + range_start = start / PMD_SIZE;
> + bitmap_size = DIV_ROUND_UP(end, PMD_SIZE);
> +
> + for_each_set_bitrange_from(range_start, range_end, bitmap, bitmap_size) {
> + __accept_memory(range_start * PMD_SIZE, range_end * PMD_SIZE);
> + bitmap_clear(bitmap, range_start, range_end - range_start);
> + }
> +}
> diff --git a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.c b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.c
> index 014ff222bf4b..186bfd53e042 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.c
> @@ -455,6 +455,12 @@ asmlinkage __visible void *extract_kernel(void *rmode, memptr heap,
> #endif
>
> debug_putstr("\nDecompressing Linux... ");
> +
> + if (boot_params->unaccepted_memory) {
> + debug_putstr("Accepting memory... ");
> + accept_memory(__pa(output), __pa(output) + needed_size);
> + }
> +
> __decompress(input_data, input_len, NULL, NULL, output, output_len,
> NULL, error);
> entry_offset = parse_elf(output);
> diff --git a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.h b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.h
> index 2f155a0e3041..9663d1839f54 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.h
> +++ b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.h
> @@ -247,4 +247,10 @@ static inline unsigned long efi_find_vendor_table(struct boot_params *bp,
> }
> #endif /* CONFIG_EFI */
>
> +#ifdef CONFIG_UNACCEPTED_MEMORY
> +void accept_memory(phys_addr_t start, phys_addr_t end);
> +#else
> +static inline void accept_memory(phys_addr_t start, phys_addr_t end) {}
> +#endif
> +
> #endif /* BOOT_COMPRESSED_MISC_H */
> diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/unaccepted_memory.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/unaccepted_memory.h
> index df0736d32858..41fbfc798100 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/unaccepted_memory.h
> +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/unaccepted_memory.h
> @@ -7,4 +7,6 @@ struct boot_params;
>
> void process_unaccepted_memory(struct boot_params *params, u64 start, u64 num);
>
> +void accept_memory(phys_addr_t start, phys_addr_t end);
> +
> #endif
> --
> 2.39.3
>
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